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Overview of Wine Grape Project at WSU – Mount Vernon

Overview of Wine Grape Project at WSU – Mount Vernon. 2000- 2004 G.A. Moulton WSU - Mount Vernon. Program Objectives. Select the right varieties and rootstocks for local conditions Maximize use of cultural practices to enhance quality Evaluate resulting wines from promising varieties.

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Overview of Wine Grape Project at WSU – Mount Vernon

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  1. Overview of Wine Grape Project at WSU – Mount Vernon 2000- 2004 G.A. Moulton WSU - Mount Vernon

  2. Program Objectives • Select the right varieties and rootstocks for local conditions • Maximize use of cultural practices to enhance quality • Evaluate resulting wines from promising varieties

  3. Progress to date • A number of promising cultivars (both white and red) have been identified • Rootstocks that promote earlier ripening in our soil and climate conditions have been identified • Certain cultural and canopy management practices have been adopted that contribute to improved ripening

  4. Site Selection • Well drained • Southerly or southwest slope • Light (sandy) soils are preferable

  5. Know the heat units at your siteMeasured from April 1 to October 31, base 50 degrees Avatel

  6. Take a good soil sample • 0”-8” top soil • 8”-16” subsoil

  7. Soil Fertility Guidelines(based on W. Stiles)

  8. Timely application of micronutrients is important • Zn – apply about 2 weeks before and after bloom to promote full berry clusters • B – apply at bloom time (with botrytis spray) for increased fruit set

  9. Varieties & Rootstocks • Try to obtain certified virus free stock wherever possible • Be sure that both rootstock and variety are free of phylloxera

  10. Most Promising Rootstocks • Millardet et de Grasset 101-14 • Couderc 3309 • Millardet et de Grasset 420A

  11. Comparison of harvest results of Pinot Noir on selected rootstocks

  12. Effects of rootstock differences • All rootstocks had lower TA levels than self rooted; table shows those where differences were statistically significant. • All had higher pH than self rooted but differences did not reach 5% level of significance except for 5BB. • All had higher brix readings than self rooted but did not reach 5% level of significant difference. • Cluster weight varied and some differences were significant. The biggest difference was between C3309 and 5C. • Both 101-14 and 420A had lower titratable acid and higher brix than self rooted, though yields were statistically the same.

  13. Agria Dornfelder Dunkelfelder Garanoir Golubok Leon Millot Muscat of Norway Pinot Noir (clones) Regent Zweigelt Promising Red Varieties

  14. Agria Harvest 10/05Brix 18.1 TA 0.87

  15. Muscat of Norway Harvest 10/06Brix 18.5 T.A 0.90

  16. Garanoir Harvest 10/06Brix 17.4 TA 0.96

  17. Harvest 10/09Brix 20.6 TA 0.90 Leon Millot

  18. Regent Harvest 10/13Brix 19.6 TA 0.89

  19. Dunkelfelder Harvest 10/18Brix 20.2 TA 1.10

  20. Golubok Harvest 10/18 Brix 21.7 TA 1.25

  21. Zweigelt Harvest 10/18Brix 18.4 TA 0.98

  22. Dornfelder Harvest 10/23Brix 17.6 TA 0.89

  23. Pinot Noir Harvest 10/27Brix 20.5 TA 1.13

  24. Burmunk Iskorka Madeleine Angevine Optima Ortega Pinot Gris Reichensteiner Schonburger Siegerrebe Sylvaner Promising White Varieties

  25. Burmunk Harvest 10/03 Brix 23.2 TA 0.98

  26. Ortega Harvest 10/03 Brix 20.6 TA 0.91

  27. Iskorka Harvest 10/03Brix 20.2 TA 0.71

  28. Madeleine Angevine Harvest 10/03Brix 19.0 TA 0.82

  29. Schonburger Harvest 10/03Brix 19.5 TA 0.66

  30. Siegerrebe Harvest 10/06Brix 19.5 TA 0.60

  31. Reichensteiner Harvest 10/06Brix 19.6 TA 0.94

  32. Optima Harvest 10/06Brix 18.3 TA 1.01

  33. Pinot Gris Harvest 10/09Brix 19.4 TA 1.04

  34. Sylvaner Harvest 10/13Brix 16.8 TA 0.90

  35. Good cultural practices bring young grape plants into early production

  36. Establish a strong vigorous vine by the end of the first year’s growing season

  37. Prune newly planted grape vine to 2 buds

  38. New Planting Prune new plant to 2 budsIn spring, select strongest new shootTrain & tie to stake, pinching out any side shootsDormant season – bend & tie to wire

  39. Select the strongest shoot to train to the wire and pinch off other side shoots

  40. Tie or tape shoot to stake as it grows and when it reaches the wire

  41. Monitor soil moisture using irrometers • Drought stress aggravates nutrient deficiency, especially potash • Stress shuts down photosynthesis • Severe stress causes leaf drop

  42. Pest Control • Diseases • Insects • Weeds • Vertebrate Pests

  43. Pinot Noir Cultural Studies Cluster thinning Plastic row shield

  44. Pinot Noir 2A1 cluster/shoot vs. 2 clusters/shoot Row spacing at 10 x 6. 1. Yield of vines with 2 clusters/shoot averaged 38% higher than plots with 1 cluster. 2. No significant difference was found between the treatments in measurement of pH, brix, or titratable acid.

  45. Plastic row shield applied in April Advanced bloom by approximately 2 weeks Developed earlier color Advanced fruit maturity

  46. Pinot Noir on 8/29/03Plastic (L), No plastic (R)

  47. Harvest – balancing fruit maturity and weather factors

  48. Coordinate harvest schedules with the winemaker

  49. Crusher-destemmer in operation

  50. Hydraulic press in operation

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