ILN, INCO-NET COORDINATORS INDICATORS WORKSHOP

1. ILN, INCO-NET COORDINATORS INDICATORS WORKSHOP Technology Transfer Perspective Dr. Antonio Hidalgo Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, UPM Madrid (Spain) 8-9 October 2009

2. Spanish Science and Technology System Output Indicators of International Cooperation (Fecyt, 2005) • European Union Framework Programs  • Financing- returns   • European patents (EPO) • Europe  • New products, new processes  • European patents and licenses • Industrial alliances • Latin America • New products, new processes  • European or latin-american patents and licenses • Industrial alliances

3. EULARINET – WP4 Bi-Regional Science-Industry Relationships “Enhancing research-industry alliances, innovation and technology transfer EU-LA” Interim Report (presented in Helsinki, June 2009)

4. Objective of the Interim Report To identify the issues of innovation and technology transfer, including, obstacles, that characterizes the cooperation between science and industry in EU and LA, and to contribute to orientate a dialogue between experts in the two regions. Studystructure • The university-industry collaboration: trends and challenges • The university-industry collaboration in LA • The university-industry collaboration in EU • The cooperation in the university-industry partnership between institutionsfrom EU and LA

5. The situation about Science-Industry Relationships in European Union – Latin America • In the EU, international cooperation is perceived as a means to strengthen and to add critical mass to national efforts, to overcome segmentation of singular activities, to avoid duplication of efforts, and to increase the impact of all respective measures. • In Latin American countries, cooperation in R&D between universities, research centers and firms is a reality, but: • LA universities put more emphasis on undergraduate teaching • LA firms have only imperfect knowledge of relevant technological options

6. European research-industry cooperation models • Anglosax model • Nordic model • Central European model • Mediterranean model • Horizontal model

7. Anglosax model (scientific parks) • Existence of a university which provides leadership and whose selfconfidence inspires start-up companies. • Enough technological venture capital is generated to promote entrepreneurial initiatives coming out of the university. • The ability to IPR (patents) allows university people to try exploiting their ideas with new firms. • Existence of a great deal of movement of specialized personnel between the university and companies.

8. Nordic model (big companies of new technologies) • Existence of a scientific and industrial policy that combines areas such as education, science, technology, industry and economic policy, which provides the cooperation between academia and industry (mobility). • Heavy investments in R&D by the private sector (big high-tech companies) which make it necessary to search for universities which contribute with the knowledge needed in their different technological areas (new products). • Flexibility in terms of intellectual property rights (patents).

9. Mediterranean model (centralized research institutions) • Public sector spends nearly equals or surpasses investment in R&D made by the private sector. • The cooperation is based mainly on contract-based research in the short term and the commercialization of technology. • Few trends towards transferring technology through patents and the creation of spin-offs. • The management of IPR by universities is focused in the Technology Transfer Offices individualized by institution.

10. LatinAmerican research-industry cooperation modelsThe market-demand model (Unicamp, Brazil) • University of Campinas (Unicamp) is a university publicly funded by the state of São Paulo (Brazil) that has become a leader in technology transfer. • The critical agent in this process is Inova Unicamp, the university’s technology transfer office. In the last two years, Inova has signed 128 technology transfer agreements and licensed 45 technologies (41 patents and four cases of know-how) to both private companies and the government. • Although Inova is still very young, in its first six months it achieved more results in technology transfer than had been achieved in Unicamp’s entire history.

11. Instruments for cooperation EU-LAC BIOTECSUR Platform It is a MERCOSUR biotechnologies platform born of a partnership between the EU and MERCOSUR. The objective is to promote the consolidation of the regional biotechnologies for the development and use of technology applications (patents). IBEROEKA Programme The main objective is to increase productivity and competitiveness of national economies and industries (Portugal, Spain and LA countries), through close cooperation between industry and research centers (new products, new processes, IPR, industrial alliances).

12. VTT Excelence Center • VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland is a globally networked multi-technological contract research organization. VTT provides high-end technology solutions and innovation services to other countries. • Nokia Institute of Technology (INdT) • Is a non-profit R&D centre founded in Brazil by Nokia in 2001 with incentive funds from the Brazilian Law on Information Technology. Its mission is to create and deploy innovative technological solutions on the mobile communications area (mobility, IPR, research grants).

13. Conclusions Instruments such as technology platforms, cluster approach, spin-off or incubators can be valuable tools for foster international cooperation process. The design and implementation of training programs aimed at developing both the managerial capacities of the researchers and the scientific capabilities of the managers can contribute to a more intense cooperation. Issues of intellectual property (such as IPR ownership) should be regulated in order to establish clear rules and procedures or news approaches for marketing of R&D results and benefits arising from these. This new approach of international cooperation needs the definition of new output indicators.