CCNA Discovery Curriculum Review

1. CCNA Discovery Curriculum Review Networking for Home and Small Businesses Chapter 4: Connecting to the Internet Through an ISP RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

2. Disclaimer • This review is not a comprehensive learning model of the curriculum! • It is intended for chapter pre-exam prep, or post exam review. • Using this presentation as your sole source of teaching or learning will not provide all the information you need to be successful in the Cisco Networking Academy. • All materials, images, text, and content unless noted remains the licensed property of the Cisco Networking Academy. • Please report all errors as soon as possible to: remeyers@mail.wvu.edu RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

3. Objectives • Explain “what is the Internet?” and how we connect to the Internet using an ISP • Explain how information is sent across the Internet through an ISP. • Describe and identify the components of an ISP Network Operations Center. • Identify the different types of cables and connectors for connecting the devices in a Network Operations Center. • Construct and terminate twisted pair cables and determine type of cable needed RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

4. ICG: Section 4.1 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

5. The Internet and How We Connect to It 4.1.1 • The Internet is a network of networks that connects users in every country in the world. • There are currently over one billion Internet users RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

6. The Internet and How We Connect to It 4.1.3 • An ISP is a company that provides the connections and support to access the Internet. • Point of Presence (POP) is the connection point between the ISP's network to a local LAN RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

7. The Internet and How We Connect to It 4.1.3 • Internet Backbone • Very high-speed data links that interconnect ISP POPs and ISPs to each other. • These interconnections are part of the very large, high capacity network RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

8. The Internet and How We Connect to It • Integrated Services Router • Router, switch, wireless access point in one package RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

9. The Internet and How We Connect to It 4.1.4 • ISP Services • Home Service - slower connection speed, reduced web space storage, and fewer email accounts. • Business Class Service - more expensive, provides faster connectionspeeds, additional web space, and additional e-mail accounts RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

10. The Internet and How We Connect to It 4.1.5 • Asymmetric: • Most commonly used for the home. • Download speeds are faster than upload speeds. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

11. ISP Levels of Service • Symmetric: • Commonly used for business or individuals hosting servers on the Internet. • It can carry large amounts of data in both directions at equal rates. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

12. ICG: Section 4.2 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

13. Sending Information Across the Internet 4.2.1 • For hosts to communicate on the Internet, they must be running Internet Protocol (IP) software • Network connection (wired or wireless) • IP Address • ISP connectivity RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

14. Sending Information Across the Internet • The IP Packet • Has a header at the beginning containing the source and destination IP addresses. • Also contains control information that describes the packet to network devices, such as routers RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

15. Sending Information Across the Internet 4.2.3 • HOP • Each router a packet travels through from source to destination. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

16. Sending Information Across the Internet 4.2.3 • Traceroute • Traces the route from source to destination. • Displays each hop along the way and the time it takes for each one RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

17. ICG: Section 4.3 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

18. Sending Information Across the Internet • Internet cloud • Used to represent the Internet or any other complex network, without showing the details of the connections. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

19. Sending Information Across the Internet 4.3.2 • Routers are not the only devices found in the Internet cloud RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

20. Networking Devices in a NOC • Physical requirements of a home network versus an ISP RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

21. ICG: Section 4.4 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

22. Networking Devices in a NOC 4.4.1 • There are two kinds of physical cable • Metal (copper) using electrical signals • Fiber using light signals. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

23. Networking Devices in a NOC 4.4.1 - 2 • Twisted Pair • UTP most common in homes and schools • All Categories of data grade UTP cable are terminated into an RJ-45 connector. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

24. Networking Devices in a NOC 4.4.1 - 2 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

25. Types of Cables and Connectors Used in Networking RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

26. ICG: Section 4.5 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

27. Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.1 • Cabling standards ensure reliable data transmissions • Cable lengths • Connector types • Pinouts RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

28. Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.2 RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

29. Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.2,3 • UTP Terminations RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

30. Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.3 • Patch panels and cables allow quick rearrangement of network connections RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

31. Construct and Terminate Twisted Pair Cables • Common Cable testing devices RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

32. Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.3,6 • UTP signal degradation cause by cable distance, low quality cables, and poor terminations. • Attenuation – drop in signal strength over distance • Crosstalk – adjacent wire noise RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

33. Working with Twisted Pair Cabling 4.5.4,6 • Cable management • Prevents cable damage • Isolates problems RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

34. Summary • The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer networks, accessed through ISPs. • Internet Protocol (IP) controls the structure and addressing of data packets for transport through the Internet cloud. • ISP Network Operations Centers (NOCs) utilize high-end, high-speed devices with redundancy. • Home networks feature multi-function devices which perform switching and routing. • Networks use physical cabling media which must conform to standards in construction and termination. • Cabling best practices are designed to reduce attenuation and crosstalk. RE Meyers, Ms.Ed., CCAI

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