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FUNGI

FUNGI. State Standards:. Fungi. 1) Multicellular organisms that live on their food source. Heterotrophic (can be decomposers ). Decomposers. Get their energy from the remains of organic compounds. Such as leaf litter, dead organisms “Earth’s clean-up crew”

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FUNGI

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  1. FUNGI State Standards:

  2. Fungi • 1) Multicellular organisms that live on their food source. • Heterotrophic (can be decomposers)

  3. Decomposers • Get their energy from the remains of organic compounds. • Such as leaf litter, dead organisms • “Earth’s clean-up crew” • REMEMBER: bacteria also help with decomposing! Can be Saprophytes

  4. Puffball releasing Spores into the air. Giant Puffball Fungi • 2) Reproduce by forming spores.

  5. Fungi • 3) Grow by forming hyphae (threadlike extensions).

  6. Fungi • Mycelium– clump of hyphae.

  7. Symbiotic Relationships? • A close relationship between two organisms where at least one benefits. • Examples: • Nemo and the Sea Anemone • Fungi that help protect plant roots from drought • CAN BE MUTUALISTIC (+ +), COMMENSALISM (+ 0), or PARASITIC (+ -) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuKjBIBBAL8 ANT KILLER

  8. Question • If spores can travel great distances and hyphea can grow quickly, why are we not overrun by fungus? • Not all of the places that the spores land are suitable for growth • And few fungi live long enough to produce offspring

  9. There are 3 main phyla of fungi: • Sporangium fungi • Club Fungi • Sac Fungi Fungi are placed into these phyla based on the structures they use to make spores.

  10. Example: MOLDS Bread mold Rhizopus Cheese mold: Blue, Roquefort, Brie Water mold Stachybatrus 1- Sporangium Fungi

  11. Sporangium Hyphae Mycelium 1- Sporangium Fungi • The hyphae have SPORANGIA at the ends

  12. Sporangium with spores inside Sporangium releasing Spores 1- Sporangium Fungi • (round structures that produce spores). • The hyphae have SPORANGIA at the ends

  13. 1- Sporangium Fungi Sporangium Hyphae

  14. Puffball • Example: • MUSHROOMS Puffball Cross-section Coral Fungus Shelf fungus Corn Smut 2- Club Fungi

  15. 2- Club Fungi • b) Produce spores from club shaped sacs called basidia. Cap Stipe Gills

  16. 2- Club Fungi

  17. Basidia with spores 2- Club Fungi

  18. 2- Club Fungi Cap Basidium Stipe Spores Gills

  19. Example: • YEAST Tuber magnatum truffle: A delicacy @ $1,000-$2,000 per lb. Cup fungi Dead Man’s Fingers Some molds: Penicillium Cramp ball Mitrula paludosa 3- Sac Fungi

  20. An Ascus with spores inside Many Asci 3- Sac Fungi • b) Produce spores inside a small sac called an ASCUS.

  21. Asci 3- Sac Fungi • Yeast cells producing asci.

  22. Fungal cells Algal cells Picture of lichen taken through an electron microscope. Lichens on ground Lichens • 1) A combination of a Fungus and an Algae living together.

  23. LICHENS! Lichens 2) Have a mutualistic relationship (they help each other). • Fungus provides protection and a place for the algae to live. • Algae makes food for both to live on. • Pioneers – ultimately leading to a forest community – SUCCESSION

  24. Credits • http://search.msn.com/images/details.aspx?q=basidia&color=both&size=1p&ht=277&wd=300&tht=118&twd=128&su=http%3a%2f%2fwww.math.tarleton.edu%2fcourses%2fbiolabs%2fPlant_Lab%2fLab_10-12%2fLab_12%2fcoprinus_basidia.htm&iu=http%3a%2f%2fwww.math.tarleton.edu%2fcourses%2fbiolabs%2fPlant_Lab%2fLab_10-12%2fLab_12%2fPictures%2fcoprinus_basidia.jpg&tu=http%3a%2f%2fimages.picsearch.com%2fis%3f6052023245612&sz=43

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