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Civil War Begins

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Civil War Begins

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    1. Civil War Begins

    2. Confederates Fire on Fort Sumter Fort Sumter – Union fort in South Carolina Sat on an island in Charleston’s harbor Fort’s Commander Major Mark Anderson Wrote urgent message Pres. Lincoln Confederates demanding the fort to surrender Supplies will only last for 6 weeks

    3. Lincoln’s Dilemma Does not want navy to shoot into Charleston He would be responsible for starting a war Would give reason for the slave states in the Union to leave Does not want to order a retreat or evacuation Would recognize the Confederacy as a legitimate nation Would endanger the Union, weaken his administration, and anger the Republican Party

    4. Davis’ Dilemma Lincoln only would send “food for hungry men” Pressure now on Jefferson Davis If he takes no action the Confederacy’s image would be damaged If he acts on the situation a war will start

    5. First Shots Davis orders the attack on the fort 4:30am on April 12, 1861 Over 4,000 rounds of artillery fired by the South before Anderson surrenders

    6. Effects of Fort Sumter Unites the North Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers for 3 month duty Overwhelming response Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina secede Virginia most populated state and most industrial of the Confederacy Virginia splits West is anti-slavery West Virginia Formed

    7. Effects of Fort Sumter Missouri, Maryland, Delaware, and Kentucky stayed on the Union Slave State Citizens fought for the Confederacy

    8. American Expect a Short War Union’s Advantages More Fighting Power - Population Factories Extensive Railroad system Greater food supply Lincoln will be patient

    9. Union’s Strategy Anaconda Plan Navy will blockade the Southern Ports No supplies in or out Split the Confederacy into two parts Use the Mississippi River Capture Richmond, Virginia Capital of the Confederate States of America

    10. Confederate’s Strategy Defense Only attack if the opportunity presents itself

    11. Bull Run First Major Battle of the Civil War Union led by General McDowell Confederate led by General Stonewall Jackson Confederate Victory Confederate soldiers feel the war is over and return home

    12. North Reaction Lincoln calls for 500,000 volunteers 3 years service – New Commanding Officer General George McClellan Army is known as The Army of the Potomac Over 1 million Union Army men in between Washington DC and Richmond Two capitals just 100 miles travel

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