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Culture and Emotion. Emotional expression at least in its basic facial expressions seems to be consistent across cultures Culture can shape how we read more ambiguous facial expressions
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Culture and Emotion • Emotional expression at least in its basic facial expressions seems to be consistent across cultures • Culture can shape how we read more ambiguous facial expressions • Cohen & Gunz (2002) - put people in a variety of moods and asked people to evaluate ambiguous facial expressions • White Canadians projected their own emotions on to the faces • Asian Canadians projected the complimentary emotion (i.e., if they were angry they saw fear) onto the faces
Subcultural Differences - The Culture of Honor in the Southern US and Anger • Cohen & Nisbett (1994) - Perceptions of violence in the North and South, survey data; not much of a man data • Cohen, Nisbett, Bowdle, & Schwarz (1996) • Insult and anger
Subcultural Differences - The Culture of Honor in the Southern US and Anger (cont.) • Cohen & Nisbett (1994) - Perceptions of violence in the North and South, survey data; not much of a man data • Cohen, Nisbett, Bowdle, & Schwarz (1996) • Insult and anger • Insult and testosterone study
Subcultural Differences - The Culture of Honor in the Southern US and Anger (cont.) • Cohen & Nisbett (1994) - Perceptions of violence in the North and South, survey data; not much of a man data • Cohen, Nisbett, Bowdle, & Schwarz (1996) • Insult and anger • Insult and testosterone study • Insult and playing chicken study
Culture and Language • Language can be a strong cue to cultural orientation • Ross, Xun, & Wilson (2002) - Had Bilingual Chinese students answer questions about themselves in Chinese or English • In English their responses looked much like Whites • In Chinese they reported lower self-esteem and listed about as many negative as positive aspects of themselves • Language learning and culture • Additive bilingualism - When those who speak the dominant language learn a language that is not dominant it helps them • Subtractive bilingualism - When those who speak a non-dominant language learn the dominant language it is a threat to their cultural identity.