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SILENTLY…

SILENTLY…. Copy this week’s assignments in your agenda Get out 1 sheet of paper for notes. The Southern Colonies. Why does England want colonies in America? What do you think they hope to gain? 1 st colony: Virginia. Jamestown?. 1 st permanent English settlement (1607)

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  1. SILENTLY… • Copy this week’s assignments in your agenda • Get out 1 sheet of paper for notes

  2. The Southern Colonies

  3. Why does England want colonies in America? • What do you think they hope to gain? • 1st colony: Virginia

  4. Jamestown? • 1st permanent English settlement (1607) • Established by 105 men & boys sent by the London Company (joint-stock company)

  5. Problems facing Jamestown? • No survival skills (farming, carpentry) • Disease-carrying mosquitoes • Conflicts with Natives • Hunger • 2/3 of original colonists died by 1st winter

  6. John Smith • Takes over Jamestown in 1608 • Forces people to work harder • Makes peace with Powhatan tribe • Success is short-lived….

  7. Tobacco • Saves Jamestown • Major cash crop • New blend developed by John Rolfe-married Pocahontas

  8. Importance of 1619 • First slaves arrive in VA • House of Burgesses • Elected assembly • First republican gov’t in colonies

  9. Economy? • Depends on AGRICULTURE • Tobacco, rice, indigo are grown on plantations leads to reliance on Slave Labor

  10. Bacon’s Rebellion • Small farmers (led by Nathanial Bacon) opposed to taxes and policies towards NA want to take Indian’s land • Controlled and burned Jamestown but rebellion ended after Bacon died

  11. Guided Reading Questions Sec. 1 & 3 Southern and Middle Colonies

  12. 1. List the remaining southern colonies. • Maryland • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia

  13. 2. Why did Cecilius Calvert establish the colony of Maryland? • As a safe-haven for English Catholics

  14. 3. Why was the Religious Toleration Act of 1649 important? • 1st law in support of religious freedom in the colonies

  15. 4. Who were the Lord Proprietors of the Carolina Colony? • 8 of King Charles II supporters • Became known as the Lords Proprietors

  16. 5. Why did the Carolina colony split into North and South Carolina? • Settlements were far apart, making it hard to govern • Conflicts with Natives and Pirates

  17. 6. Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia? • Place for debtors to get fresh start • Goal: small farms, slavery illegal

  18. 7. List the Middle Colonies (4 ) • New York • New Jersey • Pennsylvania • Delaware

  19. 8. How do New York and New Jersey become English colonies? • The English took it from the Dutch DUKE OF YORK

  20. 9. Who are Quakers? • Religious group • Supported nonviolence and equality of men & women

  21. 10. How did William Penn’s beliefs influence the government in Pennsylvania? • He had limited power • Elected assembly • Religious freedom to all Christians

  22. 11. How was the economy of the Middle Colonies similar to that of the Southern colonies? How was it different? • Both relied on farming • South—cash crops on plantations • Middle—staple crops like wheat & oats on farms • Did not use as many slaves as the South but more than the New England colonies

  23. 12. How were indentured servants different from slaves? • They were eventually given their freedom after a certain number of years. • Slaves are slaves for life.

  24. The New England Colonies Sec. 2

  25. New England Colonies • Massachusetts • Connecticut • Rhode Island • New Hampshire

  26. Puritans & Pilgrims • Puritans—want to change Anglican Church (Church of England) • Pilgrims—want to SEPARATE (and form new) from the Anglican Church

  27. Pilgrims on the Move • Pilgrims move to Holland and then… • Sail to America on the Mayflower in 1620 • Land on Cape Cod & form Plymouth colony

  28. Mayflower Compact • 41 male passengers sign • Agree to make laws for general good

  29. Pilgrims & Native Americans? • Friendly with Wampanoag tribe • Squanto teaches them to farm • 1st Thanksgiving

  30. Massachusetts Bay Colony • Founded by Puritans under John Winthrop • Goal: Create ideal Christian community • Includes Plymouth colony

  31. Role of Religion? • Closely linked to gov’t • Religious leaders had LOTS of power • Only male church members were allowed to vote • Very INTOLERANT of differences! • Led to new colonies

  32. Connecticut—founded by Thomas Hooker • Rhode Island— founded by Roger Williams • Anne Hutchison—critic of Puritan leaders • Salem Witch Trials

  33. Economy? • NO staple crops because of harsh climate and poor soil • Economy based on TRADE • FISHING and SHIPBUILDING were leading industries • They also had lots of skilled craftsmen such as blacksmiths, weavers, and printing press workers

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