1 / 40

Drawing Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams

Drawing Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams. Presented by James Yeary. P&ID. Piping is process and utility plumbing, connections and ductwork; depicts all flow paths Instrumentation is control elements, transmitters and more; depicts all functionality

castor-carney
Download Presentation

Drawing Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Drawing Piping andInstrumentationDiagrams Presented by James Yeary

  2. P&ID • Piping is process and utility plumbing, connections and ductwork; depicts all flow paths • Instrumentation is control elements, transmitters and more; depicts all functionality • Diagram because it is not to scale or intended to be a mechanical drawing

  3. Piping Geometry • Inner diameter or nominal size • Schedule (wall thickness) • Basic design criteria • Phase • Flow rate @ Pressure • Temperature • Example: 2” Schedule 80

  4. Piping Material • Common ASTM/ANSI standards • Basic design criteria • Pressure • Chemical resistance • Environment, corrosion • Surface roughness • Examples: Seamless 316L SS, 304 SS, Carbon Steel, Galvanized, PVC, Silicone Flex Tube, HDPE, Glass Lined Steel, Clean Copper

  5. Piping Connections • Flange, screwed, tri-clamp, weld • Examples: • ASME/ANSI B16.5 150# F.F. flange • 1/2” NPT • 2” ASME BPE, Tri-Clover • Butt weld

  6. Flanged Picture from Autodesk P&ID

  7. Welded Picture from Autodesk P&ID

  8. Service • Describes intended process fluid • Utility supply or return • Examples: • Acid • Feed or product transfer • Dry process air • Process wastes • Clean-In-Place (CIP) Supply • Steam condensate

  9. Piping Extras • Slope requirement • Insulation for protection, heat, chilled

  10. Line Specs • Plant-wide typical piping specifications • Uniquely identify each line or service • Fictional Examples: • 2-160-SST4-BPE-CIPS-XXX-PP • 4-80-BGS-BW-PW-XXX • 1/2-FLEX-FEED-XXX • 2-80-CC-NPT-HWFI-XXX-HC

  11. Instrumentation • Measurement or Control • Input or Output • Analog or Discrete • ANSI/ISA S5.1 standard symbols and tag nomenclature

  12. Input or Output? • Control system’s perspective of the process and operators • Inputs bring measurements or status • Outputs can manipulate the process • Examples: • Thermometer = input • Magnetic stir bar speed = output

  13. Analog or Discrete? • Analog values vary along a scale • Discrete values are on or off • Thermostat example: • Temperature sensor = analog input • Toggle switch = discrete input • Fan speed = analog output • Gas valve = discrete output

  14. Common Instruments • Valves • Motors • Elements and transmitters • Heat exchangers

  15. Types of Valves • Diaphragm • Butterfly • Ball and V-Ball • Globe, Gate, Plug, Needle • Check • Safety and Relief • Regulator • Solenoid

  16. Types of Valves Pictures from Fisher Valve

  17. Specialty Valves • Manifolds • Block and bleed • 3-way, 4-way

  18. Valve Actuation • Hand wheel • Instrument air pressure • Analog throttling • Electro-pneumatic positioner • Discrete open or closed • Electro-pneumatic solenoid pilot valve • Electrical motor actuators

  19. Pilot Solenoid Valves Picture from Festo Picture from eBay of SMC Manifold

  20. Valve Positioner Pictures from Fisher Valve

  21. Valve Fail Position • Fail Closed valve • Instrument air actuates open • Springs force closed • Fail Open valve • Springs force open • Instrument air actuates closed

  22. Valve Feedback • Limit switches • Absolute registers • Depicted as sharing common housing with valve

  23. Motors • Positive displacement pump • Diaphragm • Gear • Peristaltic pump • Centrifugal pump • Agitator

  24. Rate of Rotation • Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) can control RPM of an AC motor • Voltage can control RPM of a DC motor • Tachometer is used to provide feedback RPM

  25. Motor Extras • Vibration sensors can be used to detect cavitation or other conditions • Current sensing relays can be used to confirm a motor is running • Hand-Off-Auto (HOA) switch is typically for pumps • Emergency stop switch typically interlocks motors

  26. Elements, Transmitters, and Switches • Elements sense process conditions • Transmitters convert element’s response into signal for control system • Switches are discrete transmitters, flip at preset point(s) on scale

  27. Flow • Differential producers: pitot, orifice, Venturi • Inertial: Coriolis • Positive displacement: rotary, bellows • Velocity: magnetic, vortex, turbine, ultrasonic

  28. Level • Capacitance, conductivity, resistance • Radar, optical, laser • Differential pressure, bubbler • Vibration, ultrasonic • Strapping table accounts for vessel geometry

  29. Pressure • Gage • Differential • Absolute • Switches • Diaphragm connection

  30. Temperature • RTD • Thermocouple

  31. Weight • Load Cells • Flush with floor plates

  32. Analyzers • Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) • Dissolved oxygen (DO) • Turbidity/Optical density • Viscosity • Conductivity • Offline sampling to GC, MS and more

  33. Hand Switches • Provide nearby operator quick overriding pump contol • Acknowledge and reset alarm push buttons • Emergency stop mushroom push button

  34. E-Stop • Typically cuts off instrument air supply, stroked valves return to fail state • Stops and interlocks all moving parts

  35. Interlock Conditions • Hard-wired Interlocks • DCS or PLC Software Interlocks • Use notes to detail cause and effect

  36. Autodesk P&ID http://students.autodesk.com/

  37. Questions?

More Related