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Needs Assessment

Needs assessment is a crucial tool to identify organizational goals, root cause of problems, and appropriate interventions. This process includes planning, data collection, analysis, and compiling a report with prioritized needs and recommendations.

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Needs Assessment

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  1. Needs Assessment

  2. Needs Assessment • Process for identifying the knowledge and skills necessary for achieving organizational goals • Tool for identifying the problem and selecting an appropriate intervention

  3. Purpose of Needs Assessment • Identify root cause of the problem • Determine whether the problem is instructional, organizational, administrative, motivational or attitudinal • Focus time and effort on the right solution • Bring practice close to educational goals Kern, 1998

  4. What are some needs assessment models? • Problem-solving model • Accommodation model • Gap Analysis model

  5. Problem-solving model • Is there a problem now? • Is there likely to be a problem in the near future? • Does learner performance relate to identified problem? • Do performance deficits cause/affect problem?

  6. Accommodation Model • What are recent changes in policies or philosophies? • Are there changes mandated by accrediting agencies? • Are there new knowledge, skills, or attitudes to be taught?

  7. Gap Analysis Model • What are learning goals and standards? • How well are learners achieving them? • What is the gap between “what should be” and “what is”? • Can it be solved by an educational intervention?

  8. Phases of Needs Assessment • Planning • Collecting data • Analyzing findings • Compiling a report

  9. Planning • Determine the current environment • Identify the needs, problems, or gaps • Where is the problem/gap? • When did it start? • Who does it involve? • What are the issues? • What are the priorities? • What are the desired outcomes?

  10. Collecting data • Review of available information • Analysis of existing data • Published literature • Public health statistics • Reports by government agencies or professional societies • Audits of current performance

  11. Collecting data • Collection of new information • Focus group discussions • Interviews • Written questionnaires • Key informants • Direct observation • Critical incident reviews • Time-motion studies

  12. Analyzing data Output of the analysis = prioritized needs Needs can be prioritized on the basis of: • Impact • Economic value • Timeliness • Frequency of identification

  13. Compiling a Report • Summary of purpose • Summary of process • Synthesis of findings (table and narrative) • Recommendations

  14. Summary • Who needs to be trained? • What needs to be taught? • When should it be taught? • Where should it be taught? • How should it be taught? • What resources do I need?

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