Medical terminology

1. Chapter 2: Body Structure, Color, and Oncology Medical terminology

2. Chapter 2 Abbreviations • a.m., AM • b.i.d., BID • h.s. • Noc. • p.m.,PM • p.r.n. • q. • q.2h,q.4h • q.h. = morning = two times per day = hour of sleep (bedtime) = night = afternoon = whenever necessary = every = every 2 hours, every 4 hours = every hour

3. Chapter 2 Abbreviations • q.i.d., QID • stat • t.i.d., TID • cap(s) • tab(s) • Bx • CA • chemo • mets = four times a day = immediately = three times a day = capsule(s) = tablet(s) = biopsy = cancer = chemotherapy = metastasis

4. Chapter 2 Abbreviations • CBC • RBC • rbc • WBC • wbc • WNL = complete blood count = red blood count = red blood cell = white blood count = white blood cell = within normal limits

5. Organization of the Body • The structure of the human body falls into four main categories • Cell • Cell membrane • Cytoplasm • Nucleus • Chromosomes • Genes • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

6. Organization of the Body • Tissue • Muscle tissue • Nervous tissue • Connective tissue • Epithelial tissue • Organ • System

7. Body Systems • Integumentary System • Respiratory System

8. Body Systems • Urinary System • Reproductive System

9. Body Systems • Cardiovascular System • Lymphatic System

10. Body Systems • Digestive System • Musculoskeletal System

11. Body Systems • Nervous System • Endocrine System

12. Body Cavities • The body has an orderly arrangement of internal organs, separated into five cavities • Cranial Cavity • Space inside the skull (cranium) containing the brain • Spinal Cavity • Space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord • Thoracic, or chest, Cavity • Space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esopagus, trachea, and bronchi

13. Body Cavities • Abdominal Cavity • Space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters • Pelvic Cavity • Space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestine, and the rectum • Abdominopelvic Cavity • Both the pelvic and abdominal cavities

14. Body Cavities

15. Word Parts for Body Structure Combining Forms Definition • aden/o • cyt/o • epitheli/o • fibr/o • hist/o • kary/o • lip/o • my/o • gland • cell • epithelium • fiber • tissue • nucleus • fat (adipose) • muscle

16. Word Parts for Body Structure Combining Forms Definition • neur/o • organ/o • sarc/o • system/o • viscer/o • nerve • organ • fleshy, connective tissue • system (a group of organs) • internal organs

17. Word Parts for Body Structure Combining Form Definition • cancer/o (adj), carcin/o (n) • eti/o • gno/o • iatr/0 • lei/o • onc/o • path/o • rhabd/o • somat/o • cancer • cause (of disease) • knowledge • physician, medicine (treatment) • smooth • tumor, mass • disease • rod-shaped, striated • body

18. Word Parts for Color Combining Form Definition • chlor/o • chrom/o • cyan/o • erythr/o • leuk/o • melan/o • xanth/o • green • color • blue • red • white • black • yellow

19. Word Parts (prefixes) Prefix Definition • dia- • dys- • hyper- • hypo- • meta- • neo- • pro- • through • painful, abnormal, difficult, labored • above normal, excessive • below normal, incomplete, deficient • beyond • new • before

20. Word Parts (suffixes) Suffix Definition • -al, -ic, -ous • -cyte • -gen • -genic • -logist • -logy • -oid • pertaining to • cell • substance or agent that produces or causes • pertaning to producing, originating • who studies and practices (physician, specialist) • study of • resembling

21. Word Parts (suffixes) Suffix Definition • -oma • -osis • -pathy • -plasia • -plasm • -sarcoma • -sis • -stasis • tumor • abnormal condition (means increase when w/ blood cell word roots) • disease • condition of formation, development, growth • growth, substance, formation • fleshy, connective tissue tumor • state of • control, stop