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Islam

Islam . Syllabus Points covered Outline the social conditions and religious practices that existed in pre – Islamic Arabia Examine the principal events in Muhammad’s life . Pre – Islamic Arabia .

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Islam

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  1. Islam Syllabus Points covered Outline the social conditions and religious practices that existed in pre – Islamic Arabia Examine the principal events in Muhammad’s life

  2. Pre – Islamic Arabia • Islam developed 7th Century CE (600’s) most Arabs were members of Nomadic tribes (e.g. Bedouin) • Tribal life was characterised by loyalty – they worshipped many gods and spirits.

  3. Shrines of the gods were established e.g. The Ka’ba in Mecca • Ka’ba – cube shaped religious shrine that housed the tribal gods. Today it is the central shrine of Islam and is in the mosque of Mecca

  4. Arabian Tribes • Mecca was the religious centre • Ka’ba built around a large black stone • Quraysh tribe was the main tribe in Mecca (5th Century) • Ethical codes were based firmly in tribal experiences – preservation of tribal/family order was most important. • Judaism and Christianity were flourishing

  5. Arabian Tribal Society • Provided context for the rise of Islam • Mecca and Medina were becoming wealthy trading centres • This caused the breakdown of tribal life – people began to settle down (moving away from a nomadic life)

  6. The principal events in Muhammad's life • 570CE – 632 CE • Muslims are careful to not elevate Muhammad's status beyond that of a human being • Raised by his uncle Abu Talib who was a wealthy merchant. • In the course of working for his uncle, Muhammad met his future wife the wealthy widow Khadija • The marriage of Muhammad and Khadija saw the birth of six children

  7. After spending time in prayer and spiritual searching Muhammad experienced the night of power • It was here he received the command to proclaim the message of Allah • The revelation to Muhammad was brought by the Angel Jibril

  8. After 2years Jibril appeared again beginning of Muhammad's preaching • Muhammad continued to preach while receiving further messages/instructions from Allah. • Muhammad's preaching was of the message of one true God

  9. Muhammad's preaching was rejected by the people of Mecca and faced opposition because of his message. • 619 CE: Year of Sorrows - both Khadija and Abu Talib died • Soon after Muhammad experienced the miraculous night journey to Jerusalem where he received the instruction regarding the requirement for daily prayer • In Medina, Muhammad built a house which is regarded as the first mosque

  10. This year 622 CE (in Christian calendar) marks the beginning of Islam • In Medina Muhammad received the revelation to face Mecca during prayer and also of the Ramadan fast • Conflict with Mecca continued while Muhammad was in Medina • Mecca was captured in 630CE • Mecca then became the holy city of Islam, dedicated to Allah • The Prophet Muhammad died at 63 years of age in 632 CE

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