Chapter 27 Study Notes

1. Chapter 27 Study Notes Planets of the Solar System

2. Chapter 27 Section 1 Formation of the Solar System

3. 1 • A rotating cloud of gas and dust from which Earth’s solar system formed is called a solar ______. nebula

4. 2 • About ____ of all matter contained in the solar nebula now exists in the sun. 99%

5. 3 • Small bodies from which planets originated during the early ________ of the solar system are called ____________. formation planetesimals

6. 4 • When the solar system formed, smaller bodies joined together through collision and the force of ______ to form larger bodies called __________. gravity protoplanets

7. 5 • Small bodies that orbit planets are called ______. moons

8. 6 • Young Earth formed a core, mantle, and crust in a process called ___________. differentiation

9. 7 • Around the ____ of Earth is an iron- and magnesium-rich rock layer called the ______. core mantle

10. 8 • When early Earth’s atmosphere formed, ______ and hydrogen gases were lost because Earth’s ______ was too weak. helium gravity

11. 9 • The early __________ developed when many volcanic eruptions released large amounts of gases in a process called _________. atmosphere outgassing

12. 10 • The early oceans became _____ when dissolved solids were carried from land into the oceans. salty

13. Chapter 27 Section 2 Models of the Solar System

14. 11 • Copernicus proposed a ___________ model of the universe, in which the planets revolve at different speeds around the sun. heliocentric

15. 12 • Kepler’s ____ law states that planets orbit the sun in paths called _______. first ellipses

16. Chapter 27 Section 3 The Inner Planets

17. 13 • Impact _______ are caused by collisions with _______ in space. craters objects

18. 14 • The factors that contribute to Mercury’s daily temperature fluctuation of about 600°C are the planet’s slow _______ and it is the closest planet to the ____. rotation sun

19. 15 • Venus is a planet with a runaway ___________ effect. greenhouse

20. 16 • The right combination of temperature, ______, and oxygen supports ___ on Earth. water life

21. 17 • _____ is the planet that has _______ like Earth’s because its axis tilts at an almost identical angle. Mars seasons

22. 18 • Mars’s volcanoes are _____ than those of Earth because Mars has no moving tectonic plates. larger

23. 19 • _____ is a planet which has _______ regions that may still be active. Mars volcanic

24. Chapter 27 Section 4 The Outer Planets

25. 20 • The _______ belt can be found between the planets _____ and Jupiter asteroid Mars

26. 21 • Jupiter’s Great _____ Spot and ________ Great Dark Spot are both raging ______. Red Neptune’s storms

27. 22 • The least ______ planet in the solar system is _______. dense Saturn

28. 23 • Neptune’s Great _____ ____ is a giant storm. Dark Spot

29. 24 • A region of the solar system just _______ Neptune’s orbit, which contains small bodies made mostly of ice, is called the ______ belt. beyond Kuiper

30. 25 • _______ that circle stars other than Earth’s sun are called _________. Planets exoplanet

31. THE END