Alcohol

1. Alcohol Fact and Fiction

2. I have learned about Alcohol every year! Why do I have to do this again? • The three leading causes of death for 15- to 24-year-olds are automobile crashes, homicides and suicides -- alcohol is a leading factor in all three. • Drunk Driving Deaths are at a 10 Year HIGH!!! • Alcohol Related Traffic-Fatality Accidents were nearly 18,000 in 2006! • There are 1.4 million arrests for drunk driving every year.

3. Alcohol 101 Alcohol- also known as ethanol. It is a depressant that slows the CNS. • Affects neurotransmitters which control: • behavior; • alertness and memory; • brain’s ability to function properly; • pleasure senses and reward gratification system, thus reinforcing; moredrinking. How Neurotransmitters Work

4. What is Alcohol? • A drug that depresses the central nervous system. • Main affect is on the brain • What is fermentation? • The basis for the formation of all types of alcohol beverages • Process when yeast cells act on sugar in the presence of water producing a chemical change • What are the 3 types of alcoholic beverages? • Beer is made from fermentation of grains such as barley, corn and rye. • Wines are made from the fermentation of grapes and other fruits. • Distilled spirits are alcoholic beverages that have higher concentrations of alcohol.

5. Why do Some People Drink??? • People drink for many different reasons. Some reasons are listed below: • to feel better; these people might see alcohol as an escape from sadness or loneliness • to forget about their problems • to relax • celebrate • they like the taste (alcohol is what’s known as an acquired taste, meaning that you have to grow into it--after having it a couple of times you might enjoy the taste) • it’s a way for teenagers to rebel against their parents • to fit in • to gain self-confidence

6. Why do Some People Choose not to Drink??? • It is illegal for teenagers to buy or possess alcohol • They’re afraid their parents will find out • They would be breaking training rules • It leads to other problems • You can have more fun by staying sober • Alcohol gives you bad breath • The side effects are harmful to health • It costs too much • It makes them sick • They don’t like the taste • It is fattening with little or no nutritional value • They want to stay in control • Not fully developed and body can’t handle it • Leads to ADDICTION

7. Blood Alcohol Content BAC (The amount of alcohol in a person’s blood) • BAC is influenced by: • Your Gender • Your Weight • How Much You DRINK • How fast/long you drink • Amount of Food in your stomach • How STRONG the drink is • Medication

8. LEGAL Alcohol Limit in RI .08 http://www.ou.edu/oupd/bac.htm http://bloodalcoholcalculator.org/

10. 1 Shot =1 Beer = 1 Wine = 1 Mixed Drink It takes roughly 1 hour to oxidize 1 – 1 ½ ounces of whiskey. 20% of Alcohol passes directly through the stomach lining into the bloodstream.

11. What is the percentage of alcohol in a beverage? • Beer 3-6% 12 oz. • Wine Cooler 6% 12 oz. • Wine 9-12% 4-6 oz. • Distilled Spirits 40-60% 1 oz.

12. Effects on the Body Liver- cirrhosis Heart- weakens the muscle and causes high BP and fat deposits Lips, Throat, Esophagus- cancer Breast- cancer Unborn Babies- FAS and mental retardation

14. ALCOHOL FACT SHEET • The younger you are when you start drinking, the more likely you are to have a problem with alcohol. • College students spend more on alcohol than on textbooks. • One 12 ounce beer = 5 ounce glass of wine = 1 ½ shots of 80 proof liquor. • How alcohol affects you depends on: • how much alcohol is consumed • the time period in which it is consumed • how much food is in the stomach • body weight • Alcohol is a depressant. • Alcoholics don't know they are becoming alcoholics-- "it just happens". • When someone has a problem, they follow certain patterns: • lie to sober friends • hide it from sober friends • party more with drinking friends • deny they have a problem

15. Alcohol Facts Cont… • The best thing to do for a friend with a problem is to tell a counselor or someone who can help. • If you're asking yourself if you have a problem, you probably do. • The body takes about ½ hour to feel the effects of alcohol. If you drink before that time, you may drink too much. • Alcohol poisoning occurs when you drink too much alcohol too fast, which can lead to coma or even death. • The worst thing to do when a person has had too much to drink is to leave them alone or lying down. They need to be kept awake and moving-- and they need medical help. • Alcohol-related accidents are the #1 killer of teens. • 1.4 million teens a year are injured in some way through an alcohol related accident.

16. Alcohol Facts Cont….. • A BAL (Blood Alcohol Level) of .1 means you have 12 times more likelihood of being in an accident. • A BAL of .2 means you have 60 times more likelihood of being in an accident. • You ALWAYS have a choice about whether or not to drink. • Binge drinking can lead to permanent brain damage; coma, then death, can happen in less than an hour. • Some of the social effects of alcohol are: unprotected sex, pregnancy, STD's, date rape. • Up to 2/3 of date rape cases involve alcohol. • There is nothing that will sober you up except time. • It takes approximately 1 hour for each drink to be used by the body.

17. Vocabulary List Abuse: any use of legal drug (like alcohol) or an illicit drug that is detrimental t health. Acute Alcohol Intoxication: potentially fatal elevation of BAC often resulting from rapid consumption of large amounts of alcohol. Alcohol Poisoning: a severe elevation of BAC which may lead to coma or even death. Alcoholic: a person who is physically or emotionally addicted to alcohol. Alcholism: a disease characterized y the psycholoical and physical dependence upon alcohol, and the inability to control drinking. Binge Drinking: rapid drinking of alcohol, sometimes on a bet, dare, or drinking game. Usually defined as a 5 or more drinks in a sitting.

18. Vocabulary List Blackout: an episode of memory loss, usually occurring during a period of severe intoxication. Sign of alcoholism. BAC: amount of alcohol in a person’s blood. Cirrhosis: deadly liver disease characterized by scarring of the liver. Delirium Tremors (DT’s): uncontrollable shaking and hallucinations associated with withdrawal from chronic heavy drinking. DWI: driving an automobile while under the influence of alcohol. BAC of .08 or higher. Fetal Alcohol Effect (FAE): developmental impairment in a child linked to a mother’s use of alcohol. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS): birth defects noted in the children of some women who consume alcohol during pregnancies.

19. Vocabulary List Hangover: a variety of unpleasant physical sensations that follow the use of too much alcohol; may include headache, nausea, and muscular aches. Heavy Drinker: a person who drinks, on average, more than 2 alcoholic beverages a day. Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver. Kidneys: organ that helps the body remove alcohol and other toxins from the blood. Liver: organ that is the primary filter of alcohol in the bloodstream. Problem Drinker: a pattern of alcohol use in which a drinker’s behavior creates personal difficulties. Or difficulties for others. Proof: a standard of measurement of how much alcohol is in a drink. 2x the percentage of alcohol.