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Learn safety and risk management considerations, PPE use, decontamination methods, and rescue procedures for victims in hazardous situations. Understand chemical/physical properties and risk assessment for effective response protocols. Develop a thorough understanding of command considerations, risk assessment, rescue methods, and emergency decontamination techniques.
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Unit 5.3 MISSION SPECIFIC: Victim Rescue & Mass Decontamination
Objectives • Identify safety and risk management considerations for victim rescue and mass decontamination • Identify the proper considerations for personal protective equipment during victim rescue and PPE • Identify the different types of victim rescue, recovery and decontamination • Identify decontamination triage considerations • Identify various victim decontamination methods • Demonstrate the ability to properly establish and perform victim rescue and decontamination
Chemical/Physical Properties • VP • VD • SG • Flammability • Toxicity • Reactivity • Radioactivity
Risk Based Response • The process of developing personal protective measures designed to specifically address the hazards that are present at the scene in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk • Risk little to gain little!!!!
Risks • Is in everything we do • Impossible to eliminate all risk • Objective Reduce it to an acceptable level • Acceptable risk? • Knowledge, training • Safety Officer • Step by step process
Step One • Identify the hazards • Thermal • Etiological • Asphyxiation • Mechanical/Electrical • Chemical • Psychological • Radiological
Step Two • Develop measures to reduce each hazard present to an acceptable level of risk • Proper PPE • Suppression of flammable vapors with foam • Elimination of ignition sources • Use of protective hose lines • Cooling of exposed containers • Based upon hazards present
Command Considerations • Develop a plan • Constantly evaluate situation • Sequence of events • Request resources • Perimeters and access control • Stage resources • Casualty collect point • Select PPE • Establish decontamination for personnel
Risk Assessment • Risks • Considerations • Threat to victim and responders • Vulnerability • Consequences • Likelihood of favorable outcome
Rescue considerations • Safety first • Trained in victim rescue • Proper PPE • Operate under SOP or technician guidance • Mass causality victim rescue
Types of Rescue • Self • Bystander • Technical • Remote • Assisted • Facilitated • Line of site • Non-line of site • Ambulatory vs. non-ambulatory
Incident Commander • Develops a plan based on: • Safety • Incident factors • Material • Victims • Resources • Starts with size up
Sequence of Events • Request additional resources • Establish perimeter • Secure access and egress • Designate staging area • Initiate causality collection point • Designate treatment and transport areas • Notify medical facilities • Select appropriate PPE • Establish decontamination
Steps to Rescue • Category of rescue • Line of site vs. non-line of site • Ambulatory vs. non-ambulatory • Victim removal process • Triage • Use of specialized equipment • Maintaining accountability
Emergency Decontamination • Rapid removal of contaminates • Medical considerations • Methods • Advantages • Step-up of emergency decontamination • Location • Water supply • Run-off retention
Mass Decontamination • Accomplished by • Single hose line • Multiple hose lines • Single engine • Two engines • Two engine and a ladder • Salvage tarps for privacy
Mass Decontamination • Water • Usually not heated • Runoff not a priority • Use grassy area if possible • Victim • Material involved • Ambulatory vs. non-ambulatory
Mass Decontamination • Wet outer garments • Remove outer garments (80%) and package • Flush with water • Cover with blankets or provide clothes • Redress kits
Mass decontamination • Systems • Improvised • Portable systems • Decontamination trailers • Methods • Dilution • Isolation • Washing
Specific Considerations • Chemical agents • Biological agents • Radiological agents
Chemical Agents • Solid, liquid or vapor • Time is critical • Remove clothing • Flush with water • Soap and water can be used • .5% bleach not recommended
Biological Agents • Wet victims first!! • Disrobe • Flush with water • Warm water and antibacterial hypoallergenic soap recommended • .5% bleach not recommended
Radiological Agents • Disrobe • Flush with water • Check for contamination • Pancake probe • Swab area to remove
Summary • Risk based response • Command activities and sequence • Types and methods of recovery • Emergency decontamination • Mass decontamination