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Food security in the MENA-Mediterranean REGION

This article provides an overview of the main challenges to food security in the MENA-Med countries, highlighting concerns related to food availability and increasing import dependence. It also presents possible measures to improve food security.

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Food security in the MENA-Mediterranean REGION

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  1. Food security in the MENA-Mediterranean REGION AysenTanyeri-Abur Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Sub-regional Office for North Africa

  2. OBJECTIVES • Present an overview of main challenges to food security in the MENA Med countries • Highlight current concerns and constraints to address food availability and increasing dependence on imports (particularly cereals • List some possible measures to improve food security

  3. FOOD SECURITY THREE MAIN DIMENSIONS • AVAILABILITY (supply) • ACCESS (consumption) • SUITABILITY (nutrition)

  4. MAJOR factors affecting food security in the MENA-MED countries IN COMPARISON TO THE REST OF ThEMED • Limited availability of land and water resources (availability) • High rates of population growth (availability, access) • Rapid urbanization due to limited jobs in rural areas (availability, access,nutrition) • Limitation of the domestic food systems to respond to demand (availability, nutrition, access) • Post Arab Spring challenges (access)

  5. High Population growth and INVREASING urbanization in MENA

  6. Water Resources in the MENA - Only 11% of total renewable water resources of the med total

  7. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MENA • Mostly rainfed agriculture causing wide fluctuations in production • MENA produces only 20% of total cereals in the MED • Land area is 70% of total land area of the Mediterranean but in terms of arable land only 30% of arable land • Limited past investment in agriculture • Low productivity and low capital intensity • Low yields

  8. Capital Intensity (Capital Stock/worker) in the MED

  9. High and growing import dependency – Availability of sufficient food- differences between the MENA and NORTH MED countries

  10. Cereal Production and Demand MENA (Med) countries Million MT

  11. Cereal Production and DemandNorthern Med Million MT

  12. Cereal Production and Demand Total Med countries

  13. CHALLENGES RELATED TO • Cereal Import dependency ratios are 60-70 % and increasing • Incerasing fiscal deficits • Economiccrisis in Europe • High and volatile prices

  14. Addressing food SECURITY Efforts needed at national, regional and international levels National level: • Improvements in productivity (inputs, technology, extension) • Promoting efficient supply chains (reduce waste, better logistics) • Targeted safety nets for the vulnerable populations • Better management of risks associated with high import dependency (Food reserves, Future contracts)

  15. Adressingfoodsecurity • RegionalLevel • Cooperation in policiesaffectingpricing of commonresources • Cooperation in harmonizingtradepolicies • Strengthening infrastructure in the region • Improvemarket information systems and coordination of action to respond to world marketvolatility • International Level – countermarketvolatility new financingmechanisms

  16. THANK YOU

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