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A White Blood Cell Study: The Differential WBC Count Blood Typing

A White Blood Cell Study: The Differential WBC Count Blood Typing. Exercise 40 & 45. The Components of Blood. Blood is a connective tissue 45% Formed Elements (solid portion) Blood cells Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets 55% Plasma (liquid portion)

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A White Blood Cell Study: The Differential WBC Count Blood Typing

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  1. A White Blood Cell Study:The Differential WBC Count Blood Typing Exercise 40 & 45

  2. The Components of Blood • Blood is a connective tissue • 45% Formed Elements (solid portion) • Blood cells • Red Blood Cells • White Blood Cells • Platelets • 55% Plasma (liquid portion) • Clear, extra-cellular fluid

  3. Looking at White Blood Cells • Leukocytes: Granulocytes • Contain granules in their cytoplasm that contain digestive enzymes. • Neutrophils • Eosinophils • Basophils • Leukocytes: Agranulocytes • Lack pronounced granules in the cytoplasm • Lymphocytes • Monocytes

  4. Neutrophils • Neutrophils are one of the body’s main defenses against bacteria. They kill bacteria via phagocytosis • When a bacterial infection is present, an increase of neutrophils are seen

  5. NEUTROPHIL Smaller, paler granules In the cytoplasm Characteristically lobulated With thin bridges between

  6. EOSINOPHIL Bilobed nuclei Granules are large and Pronounced. Orange in Appearance. Kills parasites and involved in allergic reactions

  7. BASOPHIL Few in number. Dark granules. Nuclei are large and vary in shape. Function in allergic reactions. Release histamine and heparin

  8. Lymphocytes • Complex cells that direct the body's immune system. T lymphocytes are formed in the bone marrow from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, then travel to and mature in the thymus gland. B lymphocytes mature in the bone marrow. • Lymphocytes are different from the other WBCs because they can recognize and have a memory of invading bacteria and viruses.

  9. LYMPHOCYTE Small lymphocytes are more abundant, have large, dense nuclei with a thin cytoplasmic layer. Large lymphocytes have an indented nuclei and more cytoplasm. Blood Platelets

  10. MONOCYTE Largest cells found in normal blood. Nucleus may be ovoid, indented, or horseshoe- shaped. Considerably more cytoplasm than lymphocytes. Voracious phagocytes.

  11. Eosinophil Neutrophil Monocyte & Lymphocyte Monocyte

  12. Trypanosoma Gambiense:sleeping sickness carried by the tsetse fly

  13. Sickle Cell Anemia

  14. Infectious Mononucleosis • Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, a DNA herpes-type virus that infects B lymphocytes.

  15. Blood Typing • Blood Groups: A, B, O System • Letters are describing the RBCs • Group A: A antigen; B antibody • Group B: B antigen; A antibody • Group AB: A & B antigen; NO antibody • Group O: NO antigen; A & B antibody Antigen = Agglutinogen Antibody = Agglutinins

  16. Group A Blood = A antigen on the RBC Anti B - antibody in plasma

  17. Group B Blood Anti A - antibody in plasma = B antigen on the RBC

  18. Group AB NO antibody’s in plasma = A & B antigens on the RBC

  19. Group O NO antigen on the RBC Anti A & B - antibodies in plasma

  20. Rh Factor • Presence of D antigen = Rh+ • Absence of D antigen = Rh- • Exposure to Rh positive blood will produce antibodies. • Rh- mother carrying Rh+ fetus may be at risk endangering future pregnancies with Rh+ child.

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