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Renaissance

Dive into the Renaissance period (1300-1600) of European "rebirth" showcasing art, humanist ideals, and groundbreaking innovations like Giotto's perspective, Donatello's naturalism, and the impact of movable type. Discover key figures Michelangelo and Botticelli, and how Humanism shaped literature with Machiavelli's "The Prince." Uncover the role of patrons and the rise of the vernacular in printed works.

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Renaissance

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  1. Renaissance World History

  2. Renaissance • A period from 1300 - 1600 when there was a renewed interest in history, literature and art. • Renaissance = “Rebirth” • Europe’s economic recovery • Renewed study of ancient Greece and Rome

  3. Early Renaissance • The style and ideas from the Early Renaissance carried throughout the Renaissance period and left a lasting impact on modern culture. • The Renaissance Period is characterized by: • Return to Classical Art styles • Increase in Literary Works; Mass production of books • Humanist Views

  4. “Renaissance” Men & Women • People who excelled in many fields • Well read, charming, witty, and well educated in the classics • Da Vinci was a painter, sculptor, inventor, & scientist; deeply interested in how things worked

  5. Humanism • Humanism was an ideal that focused on human potential & achievements; the world of mankind as much as a concern for the hereafter. • Rejected medieval view of humanity and focused on the goodness of mankind • Popularized study of subjects common to classical education, such as history, literature & philosophy (Humanities)

  6. Humanism Con’t • Humanists took Christian ideas and secular and pagan (Greek and Roman) ideas to gain knowledge useful in making them better people • Virtuous, responsible, educated citizens, aware of what had been thought and done at other times and places.  • The humanists sought to understand what it was to be fully human.

  7. Rise of Humanism • Involved the modern discovery or rediscovery of those fields we now call the humanities: • History, moral and political philosophy, poetry, literature, rhetoric, grammar, and linguistic study and interpretation.  • Humanism was a deliberate revival, or "renaissance" of the arts and humanities of Greece and Rome. 

  8. PATRON: Someone who buys artwork • Financially supports artists so they can continue creating art • Many popes used artwork to beatify their homes and churches • Wealthy families, like the Medici spent generous amounts of $$ on artwork

  9. Innovations • Frescoes-art created on damp plaster • Oil paints • Realistic portrayal of human nature • Linear Perspective= 3 dimensions

  10. Giotto • Giotto is considered to be the most influential artist on Renaissance painting. • Father of the Renaissance • Giotto’s dignified figures seemed to displace space, to stand upon the ground with real substance and weight. • The figures seem to extend both backward, into the picture, and forward, toward the spectator’s space.

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  12. One Point Linear Perspective Pierro della Francesca “View of an Ideal City”

  13. The Holy Trinity

  14. Carefully analyzed perspective and geometry • The Discovery and Proving of the True Cross

  15. Donatello(1386-1466) • New sense of naturalism in sculpture • Use of classical contrapposoto stance (relaxed not rigid) • Statue of David considered first full scale nude since ancient times

  16. Andrea Mantegna(1430-1506) • Created unusual vantage points • Looking at figures from below • Lamentation of the Dead Christ the viewer is looking from the feet of the subject. • Deep foreshortening • Effectively placed the viewer at the scene, adding to the sense of empathy

  17. Lamentation of the Dead Christ • Use of unusual vantage points

  18. Sandra Boticelli(1445-1510) • First artist to paint a full-length female nude • In Birth of Venus the figure occupies the center of the work which was traditionally reserved for the Virgin. This work is possibly the most pagan image of the entire Renaissance.

  19. Michelangelo • Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet and engineer. • Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the disciplinesrendered him a contender for the title of the “Renaissance Man”, along with his rival and fellow Italian Leonardo da Vinci

  20. Michelangelo

  21. Michelangelo

  22. Literature in the Early Renaissance

  23. Machiavelli • The Princeexamines imperfection of human beings • Believed most people were selfish, fickle & corrupt • Examined how a ruler could gain & keep power • Not concerned with what was morally right, but with what was politically effective

  24. Impact of Movable Type • Invented in 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg • Led to a great demand for books in the mid 15th century • Printers met the high demand by printing an over-abundance of books. • Prices plummeted (20% less than a manuscript) • Aided in political and religious revolution • Humanist movement fueled its success. • Canterbury Tales and Dante’s Divine Comedy were some of the first printed • Led to the rise of the vernacular – written in own language (non-Latin) literary text

  25. Gutenberg’s Press

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