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Decision – Why Europeans came Situation – What was interaction between races like?

Explore the interaction between Europeans and Maori in New Zealand, covering the arrival of Europeans for resources like flax, timber, and seals, the introduction of Christianity, challenges like disease and warfare, the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, and its immediate consequences.

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Decision – Why Europeans came Situation – What was interaction between races like?

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  1. Decision – Why Europeans cameSituation – What was interaction between races like? • Flax • Timber • Whales • Seals • Sex • Souls • Problems – Boyd, Elizabeth, 1831 petition

  2. 12 June 1772: Death of Marion du Fresne.

  3. Sealers, c.1833. The seabirds are a welcome addition to a diet consisting mainly of … seal meat.

  4. A ‘Pakeha-Maori’ who helped bridge the gap between the two worlds of Pakeha and Maori. .

  5. Christianity – Why did Maori adopt it? • War weariness (Binney)‏ • Improved methods (Owens)‏ • Maori missionaries • Education – 1815 first school • Literacy • Disease – 50% by 1840 • Synthesis

  6. Reverend Samuel Marsden. He was Prison Chaplain at Port Jackson (Sydney) and was responsible for establishing the first mission station in New Zealand in 1814. (His first attempt in 1809 was put on hold due to the “Boyd Massacre”)‏ .

  7. Waimate (inland from Paihia)‏

  8. Jean Baptiste François Pompallier, Catholic Bishop in NZ from 1838

  9. As missionary mana grew, they were able to more successfully intervene in, and sometimes settle, inter-hapu disputes.

  10. Consequences of contact • Fatal Impact vs acculturation • Death (disease and muskets)‏ • Economy – subsistence to market • Literacy/Christianity • Lifestyles – adaption/adoption of European goods and habits

  11. Mock combat between traditionally armed Te Anewa and Wharepapa

  12. This was the scene of a climactic battle between musket-armed Nga Puhi and traditionally-armed Ngati Whatua. Ngati Whatua held off the first attack but were decimated when Nga Puhi attacked their fortified pa, into which that had retreated seeking sanctuary.

  13. Reasons for Signing • British • Lawlessness • Alarmist reports • Incidents – Boyd 1809, Harriet/Alligator 1834 • Haphazard settlement 1837 • Wakefield • Tory sailed May 1839 • Foreign Countries • de Thierry 1835 • Investments • London/NSW capitalists wanted resources, esp. whaling • Superior culture/ Myths of Empire • Humanitarian • Elizabeth 1834 • 1837 report

  14. Historiography • Reluctant pull then inevitability - Belich 1996 • Protection – Adams 1977 • NZ Company – Harrop 1928 • Humanitarian – Sinclair 1959

  15. James Busby

  16. Flag of the United Tribes of NZ

  17. Monument to French settlers at Akaroa

  18. The British Empire 1900

  19. Captain William Hobson, promoted to first Governor of NZ

  20. Reasons for Signing • Maori • Lawlessness • Opportunities • Transaction • Covenant • Rangatiratanga • Inter-hapu rivalry • British power • 1840 NZ Maori – 2000 European/80 000 Maori • Belich – intentional mis-translation but consent must have been given • Orange – idea of power sharing • Walker - Deception

  21. Immediate results of the Treaty • Questions over • Resource control • 1841 Kauri felling banned • Law – whose? • 1842 - Maketu • Customs duties • Land • Wasteland, surplus land

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