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13.2 Forces and Pressure in Fluids

13.2 Forces and Pressure in Fluids. MONDAY, MARCH 28, 2011 - REG section 3.2 fluids OPENER #1 - Periods 3, 4, & 6 1. How can you predict if an object will float in a liquid? 2. Is it possible for liquids to float on liquids? Give an example or counter example.

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13.2 Forces and Pressure in Fluids

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  1. 13.2 Forces and Pressure in Fluids MONDAY, MARCH 28, 2011 - REG section 3.2 fluids OPENER #1 - Periods 3, 4, & 6 1. How can you predict if an object will float in a liquid? 2. Is it possible for liquids to float on liquids? Give an example or counter example. 3. What does the word viscosity mean? (prior knowledge & chapter) CW: Notes “PAP 13.1-13.2 or REG 3.2” - Fluids, pressure, Bernoulli’s Principle, etc. QUIZ next Wednesday on the small unit of study... Your group has until April 8th to have converted your iMovie into a movie and dropped in my IN BOX to not lose any points. You will need to work on this at lunch, before school, or after school in the next couple of weeks. HW REG: pg. 84 #1 AND pg. 86 #1-9 due TOMORROW. This is the first grade of the 9 weeks. Start out with 100%! (3 incomplete assignments will be write up in my class this 9 weeks. 1 day late may count up to 1/2 credit only in my class; other teachers may not give any.) FIELD TRIP WEDNESDAY - Others will report to Coach Bock Room in Bldg. 18.

  2. 13.2 Forces and Pressure in Fluids MONDAY, MARCH 28, 2011 - PAP ch. 13 OPENER #1 PAP - periods 5, & 7 - 5th period has an assembly FIRST 1. How can you predict if an object will float in a liquid? 2. Is it possible for liquids to float on liquids? Give an example or counter example. 3. What does the word viscosity mean? (prior knowledge & chapter) CW: Notes “PAP 13.1-13.2 or REG 3.2” - Fluids, pressure, Bernoulli’s Principle, etc. QUIZ next Wednesday on the small unit of study... Your group has until April 8th to have converted your iMovie into a movie and dropped in my IN BOX to not lose any points. You will need to work on this at lunch, before school, or after school in the next couple of weeks. HW REG: pg. 84 #1 AND pg. 86 #1-9 due TOMORROW. This is the first grade of the 9 weeks. Start out with 100%! (3 incomplete assignments will be write up in my class this 9 weeks. 1 day late may count up to 1/2 credit only in my class; other teachers may not give any.) FIELD TRIP WEDNESDAY - Others will report to Coach Bock Room in Bldg. 18. HW PAP: pg. 393 #1-9 due Tuesday AND pg. 397 #1-8 DUE FRIDAY.

  3. Because the theater seat exerts a supporting force over a larger area, it is more comfortable than the bicycle seat. 13.1 Fluid Pressure

  4. How is pressure calculated? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure To calculate pressure, divide the force by the area over which the force acts.

  5. Pressure is the result of a force distributed over an area. examples nail, sharp pencil, snow shoes The unit of force is the newton (N). The unit of area is the square meter (m2). The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa). A pascal is one newton per square meter (N/m2) 1 kPa = 1000 Pa 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure

  6. If the area of a box touching the ground is 1.5 square meters, and its weight is 2700 newtons, what pressure does the box exert on the ground? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure

  7. If the area of a box touching the ground is 1.5 square meters, and its weight is 2700 newtons, what pressure does the box exert on the ground? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure

  8. A fluidis a substance that assumes the shape of its container. Both liquids and gases are fluids. Water, oil, gasoline, air, and helium are examples of fluids. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids Fluids: Anything that Flows: Liquids, Gases, Plasma

  9. The direction of flow is always FROM high pressure TO low pressure. Low pressure High pressure

  10. How does water pressure change with depth? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids How is pressure distributed at a given level in a fluid?

  11. Water pressure increases as depth increases. The pressure in a fluid at any given depth is constant, and it is exerted equally in all directions. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids

  12. Particles in a liquid are tightly packed together but are able to slide past one another. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids

  13. Particles in a gas are far apart and travel in straight lines until they collide with another particle or object. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids

  14. Water in a glass is in contact with the walls and bottom of the glass, and it exerts pressure on these surfaces. For a fluid that is not moving,depth and the type of fluid are the two factors that determine the pressure the fluid exerts. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids

  15. Each vase holds a different amount of liquid. The liquid levels are all the same because pressure depends on depth, not amount. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Pressure in Fluids

  16. The layer of gases surrounding a planet is known as its atmosphere. All of the planets in our solar system have some form of atmosphere. The weight of an atmosphere creates atmospheric pressure at the planet’s surface. The weight of the Earth’s atmosphere exerts a pressure of about 101 kPa (1 atm) at sea level. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Planetary Atmospheres

  17. Interpreting TablesWhich planet listed in the table has the greatest atmospheric pressure? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  18. Interpreting TablesWhich planet listed in the table has the greatest atmospheric pressure? Answer: Venus, 9120 kPa 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  19. Interpreting TablesWhat chemical substance exists in all but one of the atmospheres? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  20. Interpreting TablesWhat chemical substance exists in all but one of the atmospheres? Answer: Nitrogen 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  21. Converting UnitsThe bar is another unit of pressure (1 bar = 101.3 kPa). Convert each of the given pressures into bars. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  22. Converting UnitsThe bar is another unit of pressure (1 bar = 101.3 kPa). Convert each of the given pressures into bars. Answer: Mercury, 10–15 bar; Earth, 1 bar; Venus, 90.0 bar; Mars, 0.0070 bar 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  23. Using FormulasHow much force is exerted on a 2.00-square-meter area of Venus’s surface? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  24. Using FormulasHow much force is exerted on a 2.00-square-meter area of Venus’s surface? Answer: Pressure = Force/Area; Force = Pressure × Area; Force = 9120 kPa × 2.00 m2 = 9.12 × 106 N/m2 × 2.00 m2 Force= 18240000 = 1.824 x 107 or rounded to sig. figure 2.00 × 107 N 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  25. PredictingOn which planet would a balloon filled with a given quantity of helium have the smallest volume? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  26. PredictingOn which planet would a balloon filled with a given quantity of helium have the smallest volume? Answer: The helium-filled balloon would have the smallest volume on Venus because Venus has the greatest atmospheric pressure. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Exploring Boiling Points of Chlorocarbons

  27. How does air pressure change with altitude? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere Air pressure decreases as the altitude increases.

  28. Earth’s atmosphere exerts pressure of about 101 kPa at sea level. Why aren't you crushed by air pressure? 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere

  29. Earth’s atmosphere exerts pressure of about 101 kPa at sea level. Why aren't you crushed by air pressure? The pressure inside your body balances the air pressure outside. The balanced forces cancel, resulting in a net force of zero. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere

  30. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Why do your ears pop when you change altitude such as climbing a large mountain in a car or rising in an airplane? Why don’t your ear drums burst on the airplane?

  31. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Why do your ears pop when you change altitude such as climbing a large mountain in a car or rising in an airplane? Why don’t your ear drums burst on the airplane? The outside pressure changes more quickly than your ear can adjust which creates a pressure difference in pressure. When unbalanced pressures equalize, popping sensation within a small tube occurs.

  32. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Why can an almost empty gasoline can in the garage be more dangerous than a full tank?

  33. A can containing a small amount of water is heated until the water boils. Then the can is capped. As the can cools, the pressure inside the can becomes less than the pressure outside the can. The difference in pressure crushes the can. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere

  34. A can containing a small amount of water is heated until the water boils. Then the can is capped. As the can cools, the pressure inside the can becomes less than the pressure outside the can. The difference in pressure crushes the can. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere

  35. A can containing a small amount of water is heated until the water boils. Then the can is capped. As the can cools, the pressure inside the can becomes less than the pressure outside the can. The difference in pressure crushes the can. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere

  36. A can containing a small amount of water is heated until the water boils. Then the can is capped. As the can cools, the pressure inside the can becomes less than the pressure outside the can. The difference in pressure crushes the can. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Air Pressure and the Atmosphere

  37. A gymnast standing on one hand (area 0.02 m2) pushes down on the ground with a force of 600 N. How much pressure does the gymnast exert on the ground? 3000 Pa 30,000 Pa 12 Pa 1200 Pa 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  38. A gymnast standing on one hand (area 0.02 m2) pushes down on the ground with a force of 600 N. How much pressure does the gymnast exert on the ground? 3000 Pa 30,000 Pa 12 Pa 1200 PaANS: B 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  39. The SI unit for pressure, equal to 1 N/m2, is called the atmosphere. foot-pound. pascal. watt. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  40. The SI unit for pressure, equal to 1 N/m2, is called the atmosphere. foot-pound. pascal. watt.ANS: C 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  41. The pressure exerted by a stationary fluid is determined by the area of surface containing the fluid and the type of fluid. the weight and volume of the fluid. the type of fluid and its depth. the shape of the container and the weight of the fluid. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  42. The pressure exerted by a stationary fluid is determined by the area of surface containing the fluid and the type of fluid. the weight and volume of the fluid. the type of fluid and its depth. the shape of the container and the weight of the fluid.ANS: C 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  43. Which of the following statements about fluid pressure is false? Pressure increases as depth increases. The pressure at a given depth is constant. The pressure in a fluid is exerted downward. Liquids and gases exert pressure. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  44. Which of the following statements about fluid pressure is false? Pressure increases as depth increases. The pressure at a given depth is constant. The pressure in a fluid is exerted downward. Liquids and gases exert pressure.ANS: C 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  45. Why do mountain climbers on very high peaks need cylinders of oxygen as they approach the summit? The tops of the mountains extend out of the atmosphere. The pressure of air decreases as altitude increases. Air on the mountaintops is too cold to breathe. Air pressure at high altitudes is too great for normal breathing. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  46. Why do mountain climbers on very high peaks need cylinders of oxygen as they approach the summit? The tops of the mountains extend out of the atmosphere. The pressure of air decreases as altitude increases. Air on the mountaintops is too cold to breathe. Air pressure at high altitudes is too great for normal breathing.ANS: B 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assessment Questions

  47. 13.1 Fluid Pressure Assignments: CW: Finish & turn in station labs today. (station 8, 10 exception) CW: Finish pendulum lab and turn in. CW: Work on creating your egg drop device today. If your materials are not here tomorrow, you will lose points for the group... HW/CW: Complete the 12 problems handout that was given out on Monday which is due tomorrow... (work on class only if all labs are completed or if you do not have your group materials.) Note to me: Computer Quiz http://www.phschool.com/ Web code = cca-2120 check balloon lab in book pg. 383... look for momentum lab...

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