Chapter 16 Speeches to Inform

1. Chapter 16Speeches to Inform “Obviously, a man’s judgment cannot be better than the information on which he has based it.” – Arthur Hays Sultzberger, publisher New York Times

2. Types of Informative Speeches • Public Lecture • Status Report • Briefing • Fireside Chat • Chalk Talk

3. Types of Informative Speeches • Public Lecture • Special interest or expertise, invited to speak • Conventions, Organizations • Status Report • Update on project • Business and social groups

4. Types of Informative Speeches • Briefing • Changes in policy or procedure • Coaches, editors, politicians • Fireside Chats • Addressing concerns • FDR, can be used by heads of organizations to discuss policies and goals • Chalk Talk • Use visual aids to give directions • Coaches, directors with blocking, drivers’ ed

5. What may follow Informative Speeches? • Question and answer period

6. The Six Cs of Informative Speaking 1 • Be Clear • Will everyone understand? • Be Concise • Will I waste anyone’s time? • Be Complete • Have I defined the major points (advance organizers)? • Be Correct • Have I checked facts? • Be Concrete • Do I have examples? • Connect • Will my audience relate? 2 3 4 5 6

7. Finding a Subject • Personal Experience • You are an expert on something • Observations • Read, attend a meeting, interview • Surveys • Find out what people want to know • Then narrow

8. How to Narrow • Time - period • Space - geography • Extent covered • Divide - single elements

9. How to Narrow a Thesis • Thesis is the goal of a speech or the thought on which the speech is based • Examples: • Teenagers and Fads • Slang used often comes from movies. • Healthy lifestyles • Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables reduces chances of getting cancer. • Famous Musicians • Beethoven’s hearing loss may have helped him compose.

10. Supporting the Thesis • Use Facts • Statistics • Evidence • Also use • Anecdotes • Quotations • Definitions • Descriptions

11. Audio and Visual Aids • Sight is our most dominant sense. • We pay 25 times as much attention to visual information than to other types.

12. Two-Dimensional Aids • Charts • Diagrams • Maps • Graphs • Drawings • Photographs • Cartoons

13. Specific Purpose • Chart • List information • Diagram • Show how something works • Map • Show routes, locations, relationships • Graphs • Make numbers tangible - show relationships in data • Drawings, Photos and Cartoons • Pictures are worth a thousand words

14. Means of Developing • Chalkboard • Weakness is you turn your back and quality • Handouts • Weakness is the distraction • Projections • Overhead - weakness is quality, noise, and can’t build • Slides/Powerpoint - Vivid, professional, but can be overused with too many and dark slides require a dark room • Video • Create your own or use a clip, but can make an awkward break

15. Three-Dimensional Aids • Models • Cutaways • Just use them! • And Sound Recordings

16. Guidelines for Using Aids • Large enough • Master mechanics • Make sure it contributes • Don’t stand in front of it • Talk to audience not visual • Keep out of sight until ready to use • Don’t over do • Make sure you have backup • Practice, practice, practice

17. Recalling the Facts • Why are each of the 6 Cs of informative speaking important? • Why is it often difficult to imagine what our listeners are thinking? • Where can you get ideas about what subject to speak on? • Why is it important to narrow your topic? • What will help you decide what material belongs in your speech and what doesn’t? • What purpose do audio/visual aids serve? • What are some guidelines for using visual aids? Look Back on Page 467 of textbook

18. public lecture status report Briefing fireside chat chalk talk advance organizer cultural literacy Narrowing thesis anecdote quotation definition map diagram graph handout overhead projector model cutaway Vocabulary Speech terms page 437 in textbook