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The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Reformation

The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Reformation. Chapter 5, Section 4. Effects of Protestantism. What was the Peace of Augsburg ? 1555 Allowed worship of either Catholicism or Lutheranism in Germany A rise in P rotestantism meant no more Christian unity.

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The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Reformation

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  1. The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Reformation Chapter 5, Section 4

  2. Effects of Protestantism • What was the Peace of Augsburg? • 1555 • Allowed worship of either Catholicism or Lutheranism in Germany • A rise in Protestantism meant no more Christian unity

  3. The Zwinglian Reformation • Ulrich Zwingli – a priest in Zurich – introduced a new form of worship • All relics and decorations were removed from churches • Replaced mass with prayer, scripture reading • Ulrich was killed in battle vs Catholic states in 1531 • John Calvin took over

  4. Calvin and Calvinism • John Calvin agreed with Martin Luther in most areas • Differed with belief of predestination • God determined in advance who would be saved and who would be condemned • Created a powerful religious city in Geneva • By mid 1500s, Calvinism replaced Lutheranism as the most important form of Protestantism

  5. The Reformation in England • Politics vs Religion • King Henry VIII wanted to get an annulment (divorce) from his first wife • Thomas Cramer, head of the highest church court in England, said “yes” in May 1533 • Act of Supremacy of 1534 made the King head of the Church of England • Still followed mostly Catholic teachings

  6. England cont’d • Following his death in 1547, 9 year old Edward VI became ruler and the church moved in a more Protestant direction • When Mary (Catholic) took over in 1553, she had 300 Protestants burned to death, earning her the nickname “Bloody Mary” • England continued to turn Protestant (called Anglican)

  7. The Anabaptists • Wanted government out of religion • Considered all Christians equals and chose their own minister from the community • Baptized as adults not infants • This separated them from Catholics and other Protestants

  8. Roles of Women…Changing? • Families are now the center of human life • Women are still expected to do two things • Obey the husband • Bear children

  9. The Catholic Response • Three important things: • Ignatius of Loyola brings together the Jesuits • Spread Catholic message in Germany and eastern Europe • Papacy is reformed • Removed themselves from political affairs • Council of Trent reformed Roman Catholic guidelines

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