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Present Infinitives (Page 206) Present Active Infinitive = 2 nd Principal Part of the Verb

Present Infinitives (Page 206) Present Active Infinitive = 2 nd Principal Part of the Verb Active Voice Passive Voice 1 st conj. vocare to call vocari to be called 2 nd conj. monere to warn moneri to be warned Reg. 3 rd conj. regere to rule regi to be ruled

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Present Infinitives (Page 206) Present Active Infinitive = 2 nd Principal Part of the Verb

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  1. Present Infinitives (Page 206) Present Active Infinitive = 2nd Principal Part of the Verb Active Voice Passive Voice 1st conj.vocareto callvocarito be called 2nd conj.monereto warnmonerito be warned Reg. 3rd conj.regereto ruleregito be ruled “io” 3rd conj.capereto takecapito be taken 4th conj.audireto hearaudirito be heard Irreg. “to be”esseto be

  2. The Three Uses of the Infinitive 1. Complementary Infinitive (English Word Order = SubjectVerbInfinitive) The man desires to work. Vir laborare desiderat. 2. Subjective Infinitive (Infinitive used as a subject or predicate nominative) It is pleasant to walk. Ambulare est gratum. or Est gratum ambulare. 3. Objective Infinitive (English Word Order = SubjectVerbNoun/PronounInfinitive) The farmer taught the slavesto work. Agricola servoslaborare docuit. (The accusative noun servos in front of the infinitive is called a subject accusative.)

  3. Perfect Active Infinitive (Page 271) In English to have is the indicator of the perfect active infinitive, which is formed by combining to have with the perfect participle: to have + called = to have called. In Latin the perfect active infinitive is formed by adding the indicator -isse to the perfect stem: vocav + isse = vocavisse = to have called Perf. Stem + Infinitive = Form Ending First vocav + isse = vocavisseto have called Second monu + isse = monuisseto have warned Third rex + isse = rexisseto have ruled Third -iocep + isse = cepisseto have taken Fourth audiv + isse = audivisseto have heard

  4. Perfect Passive Infinitive (Page 272) In English to have been is the indicator of the perfect passive infinitive, which is formed by combining to have been with the perfect participle: to have been + called = to have been called. In Latin the perfect passive infinitive is formed by combining the perfect passive participle with esse: vocatus + esse = vocatus esse = to have been called Perf. Pass. Part. + esse = Form First vocatus -a -um + esse = vocatus -a -um esse = to have been called Second monitus -a -um + esse = monitus -a -um esse = to have been warned Third rectus -a -um + esse = rectus -a -um esse = to have been ruled Third -iocaptus -a -um + esse = captus -a -um esse = to have been taken Fourth auditus -a -um + esse = auditus -a -um esse = to have been heard

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