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ECT 358

ECT 358. Lecture 32 MicroBlaze Communication. True faith and courage are like a kite – an opposing wind raises it higher.

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ECT 358

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  1. ECT 358 Lecture 32 MicroBlaze Communication

  2. True faith and courage are like a kite – an opposing wind raises it higher. But they that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength; they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and not be weary; and they shall walk, and not faint. Isaiah 40:31

  3. MicroBlaze Communications Complex processors usually don’t work alone to accomplish tasks. More recently, processors accomplish smaller tasks and communicate with other processors across a network to accomplish the task. This involves steps such as handshaking and sequence control.

  4. Types of Communications • Operator Interface • Display Status • Multiprocessor Communications

  5. Hardware Lines for Communications • Data • Address • Interrupt • Handshaking • Power/Ground

  6. IEEE 1451 • General Description (1451) • History • Model Description (1451.1) • Communication Interface (1451.2) • Applications • Manufacturers • Available Components • Advantages • Examples • Bibliography

  7. General Description • IEEE 1451 is an open network independent smart transducer interface standard that is universally accepted for sensors and actuators. • Developed to reduce cost of installing, maintaining, and upgrading sensor/actuator networks • Plug and Play Transducers • Digital Network Communications

  8. General Description • IEEE 1451.0 * TEDS/Commands • IEEE 1451.1 Object Model • IEEE 1451.2 NCAP-Transducer Single Interface • IEEE 1451.3 NCAP-Transducer Multi • IEEE 1451.4 Mixed Mode Interface (A/D) • IEEE 1451.5 B Wireless • IEEE 1451.6 * CANopen • B Ballot * Development

  9. General Description

  10. History • Work began on the IEEE 1451 standards in September of 1993, when the TC9 Committee on Sensor Technology and the National Institute of Standards and Technology discussed sensor communication interfaces and the possibility of creating a standard interface.

  11. IEEE 1451.1 • Transducer application portability (software reuse) • Plug-and-play software capabilities (components) • Network independence (network abstraction layer)

  12. IEEE 1451.1 Application Classes • An NCAP Block (consolidates system and communication housekeeping) • A Transducer Block (provides the software connection to the transducer device) • A Function Block (provides the transducer application algorithm (i.e., obtain and multicast temperature data every second) • Parameters (contains the network accessible variables that hold and update the data) • Ports (network communication objects for publishing and subscribing to information or interacting with other NCAPs using client/server

  13. Conceptual View of an IEEE 1451.1 NCAP • Uses a “backplane” or “card cage” concept • NCAP centralizes and “glues” all the system and communications facilities together • Network communication viewed through the NCAP as ports • Function block application code is “plugged” in as needed • Transducer blocks map the physical transducer to the NCAP

  14. IEEE 1451.1 Environment Models An Object Model, defines transducer device specific abstract objects – or, classes with attributes, methods, and state behavior A Data Model, defines information encoding rules for transmitting information across both local and remote object interfaces A Network Communication Model, supports a client/server and publish/subscribe paradigm for communicating information between NCAPs

  15. IEEE 1451.1 Benefits • Extensible object-oriented model for smart transducer application development and deployment • Application portability achieved through agreed upon application programming interfaces (API) • Network neutral interface allows the same application to be plug-and-play across multiple network technologies • Leverages existing networking technology, does not re-implement any control network software or protocols • Common software interface to transducer hardware i/o

  16. Communication Interface Network Interface Transducer Independent Interface (TII)

  17. Transducer Independent Interface

  18. TII Pin Assignment and Signal Definition

  19. Example of Pin Connection Characteristics are stored in the EEPROM memory. The data is stored in the transducer electronic data sheet (TEDS) format. TEDS format is a hardware- and vendor - independent method of storing the information necessary to describe operating characteristics of a smart sensor, transducer or actuator.

  20. Chief Application Fields • Remote Monitoring • Remote Actuating • Distributed Control • Collaborative Measurement and Control

  21. Specific Applications • Manufacturing • Industrial Control • Automotive • Aerospace • Building • Biomedicine

  22. Manufacturers • Though different networks and fieldbuses continue to have different protocols and requirements, many of the 1500-2000 sensor manufacturers have come together on this common interface. • Some companies include: Boeing Commercial Airplane Group Analog Devices National Instruments Maxim Hewlett-Packard Xerox PCB Piezotronics Electronics Development Corp. (EDC) Wind River Systems Grayhill Inc

  23. Available Components • HP- 1451.2 Ethernet controllers • Analog Devices- 1451.2 compliant chips • Electronics Development Corp.- 1451.1 compatible Smart Transducer Network System • The Modal Shop- acoustic and vibration sensing sensors that conform to both 1451.2 and 1451.4 standards • Maxim- Silicon pressure sensors w/TEDS • Smart Modal- Smart Isotron Accelerometers with 1451.4-based TEDS

  24. Advantages of Smart Sensors • Provides interfacing for many types of sensor elements: capacitors, RTDs, thermistors, resistive bridges and potentiometers and many others. • Low-cost CMOS with standard input protection.line tri-state output. • Resolution and accuracy of 13 bits. • Simple output signal for easy interfacing with any type of micro-controller. • Continuous auto-calibration of offset and gain. • Suppression of 50/60 Hz interference. • Single 3.3-5.5V power supply, current consumption below 2.5 mA. (this is being increased to 7.5 mA in later revisions) • Measurement time of 10 ms or 100 ms typically. • Measurement of multiple sensor elements. • No additional interface circuitry required. • Power down mode • Operating temperature range of -30 deg C to +70 deg C. • Self identification • Self testing • Sensors are self-calibrating • Ease of setup

  25. Examples (System) Plug-n-Play Controller NCAP STIM Network TII

  26. Examples (STIM) Smart Transducer Interface Module Miniature accelerometer

  27. Examples (NCAP) Network Capable Application Processor National Instrument TEDS Terminal Block

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