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Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency

Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency. 1801-1809. The Beginning. March 4, 1801 Thomas Jefferson is the first President inaugurated in the new capital city of Washington D.C. He delivers his first inaugural address. This address outlines what he feels are the essential principles of government.

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Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency

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  1. Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency 1801-1809

  2. The Beginning • March 4, 1801 • Thomas Jefferson is the first President inaugurated in the new capital city of Washington D.C. • He delivers his first inaugural address. This address outlines what he feels are the essential principles of government.

  3. First Inaugural Address • Essential Principles of Government • equal and exact justice to all men • the support of state governments • compliance with the decisions of the majority • a well disciplined militia • maintaining a sound economy • freedom of religion • freedom of the press

  4. Barbary Wars • Barbary States were in North Africa and those Barbary States (under rule of Ottomans) demanded nations pay money to sail through Mediterranean Sea • Jefferson had dealt with this as Sec. of State. He believed we should not negotiate nor offer money to pirates. • May 1801 • Pasha of Tripoli declares war with the United States because President Jefferson refused to make the immediate payment of $225,000 and the annual payment of $25,000. • On the 20th Jefferson sent the first naval fleet to the area. • The ships included the President, Philadelphia, Essex and Enterprise.

  5. Barbary Wars • 1803 – Jefferson faces much criticism for his decisions made regarding the war • The Philadelphia runs aground in the Tripoli Harbor and it crew and captain are taken captive • He is forced to make 3 command changes. • 1801- Commodore Richard Dale • 1802 – Commodore Richard Morris • 1803 – Commodore Edward Preble

  6. Realizing that there was no way to recapture the Philadelphia, Commodore Preble devises a plan to destroy the ship February 4, 1804 the Philadelphia was destroyed. August 3, 1804 the first attack against Tripoli took place when the USS Constitution’s guns fired on the city. September 1804 – the final battle took place in the Tripoli Harbor June 4, 1805 after the Pasha of Tripoli had been replaced, a treaty was made with the United States and the prisoners were released. Barbary Wars

  7. Louisiana Purchase • April 30, 1803 • Robert Livingston & James Monroe signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in Paris • The United States paid $15 million for the land, roughly 4 cents per acre • The purchase added 828,00 square miles of land west of the Mississippi to the United States • July 4 the Louisiana Purchase is publicly announced Original treaty can be found at: http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals_iv/sections/louisiana_purchase_treaty.html

  8. Map of the Louisiana Purchase

  9. Lewis and Clark Expedition • January 18, 1803 • Jefferson asks Congress for funds to explore the land west of the Mississippi • His goal is to find a water route to the Pacific • May 1804 • Meriwether Lewis and William Clark depart on the expedition from what is currently St. Charles, MO

  10. Lewis and Clark Expedition • One of the most significant contributions of the Lewis and Clark Expedition was the production of the first accurate maps of the area. During the journey, Lewis and Clark prepared approximately 140 maps. One important result was that it enabled the United States to lay claim to the Oregon region. • A second achievement of the expedition was a better understanding of the country's natural resources. During the journey, the expedition documented over 100 species of animals and approximately 176 plants. • Another achievement of the Lewis and Clark Expedition was that it established friendly relations with some of the Native American tribes. Encounters with the three dozen Indian tribes were successful. They collected a variety of Indian goods and gathered information on Indian languages and culture.

  11. Second Inaugural Address • Delivered on March 4, 1805 • Stresses the importance of American neutrality in matters of foreign affairs • Outlines the Louisiana Purchase and the processes by which the original inhabitants of the land will become citizens of the United States • Stresses the importance of harmony amongst all inhabitants of America

  12. Embargo Act of 1807 • 1803 - Renewal of the Napoleonic Wars between France and Great Britain • America was once again trapped between the two nations • Jefferson wanting to stay neutral proposed an embargo on all foreign trade • This was highly unsuccessful and devastated the American Economy • The Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was put in place to repeal the unsuccessful Embargo Act

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