THE SENTENCE Unit 1

1. THE SENTENCEUnit 1 Collated with Houghton Mifflin – English 6 By: Angélica Guerra, MS Greater Miami Adventist Academy

2. Kinds of Sentences – lesson 1 A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. It starts with a capital letter. TYPES: • Declarative: Makes a statement, ends with a period. • Interrogative: Asks a questions, ends with a question mark. • Exclamatory: Shows strong feeling, ends with an exclamation mark. • Imperative: Gives a command OR makes a request, ends with a period or an exclam. mark.

3. Make one sentence of each type using the picture:

4. Subject and Predicatelessons 2 & 3Every sentence has 2 parts – the SUBJECT and the PREDICATE.SUBJECT: Who or what the sentence is aboutPREDICATE: What is said about the subject Complete S & P • ALL the words in the S are the Complete Subject. • ALL the words in the P are the Complete Predicate. Simple S & P • The MAIN word (or words) in the S is the Simple Subject. • The MAIN word (or words) in the P is the Simple Predicate.

5. Subject AND Predicate Follow the directions: • The doorbell rang. • The cowboy from Montana came to visit. • He brought me a pizza. • The farm is his favorite place in the world.

6. Imperatives & Interrogativeslesson 4 IMPERATIVES • Give a command or make a request • The subject is always YOU. Examples: • Come here. • Please read this.

7. Imperatives & Interrogativeslesson 4 (continuation) INTERROGATIVES • Ask a question • Most times, to find the subject you’ll have to rearrange the question into a statement, then ask WHO or WHAT does the action. • Did the bus arrive to school? What arrived? • The bus did arrive to school.

8. Compound Subject - lesson 5 • The Simple Sentence expresses ONE complete idea. (The dog ran outside.) • When a simple sentence has 2 or more subjects joined by a connecting word such as and/or, the subject is called COMPOUND SUBJECT. *Where did Mary and Jo find that rabbit? * The boy or his brother will clean the mess.

9. Compound Predicate - lesson 6 When the simple sentence has 2 or more predicates joined by a connecting word such as and/or, it is called COMPOUND PREDICATE. • Babies cry, sleep, eat, and poop all day. • My car drives fast and always breaks down. • The doctor will visit the patients or will go to surgery.

10. Combining Sentences – pp. 51-52 If different subjects are doing the same action, you can write a comp. subject sentence. EX: • Ana is playing soccer. • The boys are playing soccer. Ana and the boys are playing soccer. If the same subject is doing several actions, you can write a comp. predicate sentence. EX: • At home, he eats. • At home, he sleeps. • At home, he studies. At home, he eats, sleeps, and studies.

11. Lesson 7The Compound Sentence… • expresses TWO OR MORE complete ideas that are equal in importance. • On September 11, 2001 the Twin Towers were destroyed,and people died. • On September 11, 2001 the Twin Towers were destroyed;people died.

12. Compd. Sent. Continuation…Ways to DIVIDE the 2 sentences in a Compound Sentence: • Add a comma and a connecting word - (and/or/but) ,and (to add info.) ,or (to give a choice) ,but (to show contrast) • Add a semicolon ;

13. Compd. Sent. Continuation… How do you know a sentence TRULY IS a compound sent.? You CAN divide it into TWO separate sentences(a subject and a predicate on each side). EX: Steven cut his finger with the knife, but he is OK. • Steven cut his finger with the knife. • He is OK.

14. Make a Compound Sent. with the picture provided:

15. Lesson 9The Complex Sentence… • is a sentence that contains TWO parts – * an independent clause: a part of the sentence that CAN stand on its own. * a subordinating (or dependent) clause: a part of the sentence that is LESS important because it CANNOT stand on its own.

16. Continuation…Complex Sentence: When I go home, I take a shower. • Subordinating Clause: • When I go home (What happens?) • Independent Clause: • I take a shower. (This is a complete thought.)

17. Complex St. continuation…The SUBORD. CLAUSE can be in different parts of the sentence. If it is at the BEGINNING: Follow it by a comma. (,) Before breakfast,I pray. If it is in the MIDDLE of the sentence: DO NOT add a comma. I pray before breakfast.

18. Complex St. continuation… Subordinating Conjunctions after although as because before if since unless until when whenever while ETC.

19. PRACTICEFollow the directions: • My Dalmatian chewed its bone. • Dr. Ryans visits her patient. • Ana will go to the mall. • The old man dances well.

20. Lesson 10 Fragments & Run-ons FRAGMENT • Doesn’t express a complete thought • Missing subject OR predicate ------------------- • FIX IT by providing what’s missing. FRAGMENT: When I get home. SENTENCE: I will eat when I get home. RUN-ON • Two or more sentences that run together with commas OR without any punctuation. ---------------------------------- • FIX IT by making 2 separate sentences or a compound sent. Run-On: Manny cooks dinner, Lucy walks the dog. Many cooks dinner. Lucy walks the dog.

21. Fix the FRAGMENTS or RUN-ONS: • My sister is a pharmacist she works at Walgreens, she can buy lots of products at a discount price. • Costs only $2.99. • When she takes pictures. • Tennessee is a beautiful state, its mountains look like they have smoke on them that’s why they are called Smoky Mountains.

22. THE END Now get ready for your test!