Parliament Limits the English Monarchy

1. Parliament Limits the English Monarchy Ch. 5 sec. 5 Standard 10.2.2 List the principles of the Magna Carta (1215), the English Bill of Rights (1689)

2. Do you Remember the Magna Carta? (p. 19) • 1215 the nobility forces King John to sign contract limiting his authority. • 4 Principles • Limited Government • Rule of Law • Individual Rights • Separation of Power

3. King James I • Why argue with Parliament ? • Money • Religion- refused to make Puritan reforms

4. King Charles I • Charles seriously needs money so he makes a deal with Parliament • Petition of Right • No imprisonment without due cause • No taxes without Parliament consent • No soldiers in private homes • No martial law in peace time.

5. King Charles I continued • Charles ignores Petition of Right • Dissolves Parliament. Why?? • So how does Charles get his money? • Fees • Fines • taxes

6. English Civil War (1642-1649) • Charles offends Puritans and Presbyterians of Scotland. How? • Scots assemble an army and threaten to invade • Charles needs money to fight and must ask Parliament. How do you think Parliament reacts? • Charles attempts to arrest members of Parliament

7. Loyal to the king Royalists Cavaliers Against the king Roundheads- were mostly Puritans and members of Parliament Led by Oliver Cromwell English Civil War, continued

8. Oliver Cromwell • New Model Army • 1647 captured Charles • 1649 Charles is found guilty of TREASON!!!! Bya jury!! • What is treason? • Innocent or guilty?

9. Charles I is Executed in 1649! Why is this significant?

10. Puritan Rule • Attempt to reform society. • Abolished theater, sports, dancing • Tolerated all religionsexcept Catholicism

11. Charles II and the Restoration • 1660 Charles II (son of Charles I) comes back to rule England • Why did England ask the royal family to come back and rule? • Habeas Corpus Act (1679)

12. Whigs Do not want a Catholic ruler Charles II’s brother is James II, a Catholic Tories Support James as the next king. Who Will Inherit the Throne? The Whigs and the Tories will become the first political parties in England

13. James II • Appoints Catholics to government positions- Who does this upset? • In 1688 his son is born! Why is this important?

14. Parliament asks Mary, daughter of James II, to return to England with her husband William, prince of Netherlands. Mary overthrows her father and becomes queen of England. However, William and Mary will only rule under certain conditions! Glorious Revolution- William and Mary (1688)

15. Effects of the Glorious Revolution • Ended the idea of the divine right of kings in England • Turned England into a • Constitutional Monarchy!!!

16. What protections did the English Bill of Rights include? • What was the primary objective of the English Bill of Rights? • How did it limit the power of the monarch? • List the 4 traditional rights of Englishmen. • Which freedoms are not protected? • How does the English Bill of Rights differ from the U.S. Bill of Rights

17. Cabinet System Develops • Parliament and the king cannot rule without each other’s consent. • The Cabinet (made up of government officials ) provides a link between Parliament and the king • Leader of the majority party in Parliament heads the cabinet and is called the Prime Minister

18. English Bill of Rights (1689) • 4 Principles • Limited government- the king cannot tax without consent of Parliament • Rule of Law- king must carry out all laws passed by Parliament and the king must all follow all the laws

19. English Bill of Rights, cont. • Consent of the Governed- free elections of Parliament, they must have free speech and meet regularly • Rights of the Individual- government cannot deprive a citizen of life, liberty or property. No cruel and unusual punishment and freedom of petition.

20. Ch. 5 Sec5 Parliament Limits The English Monarchy • What problems did King James I have with Parliament? • Why did Charles I always need money? • What is the Petition of Right? Why was it important? • Why did the Scots rebel against King Charles? • Why did Charles try to arrest the leaders of Parliament? • Those who remained loyal to King Charles during the English Civil War were called? • What were the supporters of Parliament called? • Who was the leader of the New Model Army? • Why was Charles put on trial? • Why was the execution of Charles “revolutionary?” • After the execution of Charles, what type of government did England become? • How did the Puritans attempt to reform society? • What is the Restoration? • What rights do people have under the Habeas Corpus Act? • Who are the Whigs? Who are the Tories? • Why were English Protestants terrified when James II had a boy? • What was the Glorious Revolution? • What type of government did England became after William and Mary took power? • Under the English Bill of Rights (1689) what could a ruler not do? • What is the role of the cabinet in English government? • What is a prime minister? Copy questions and answer in Complete sentences!!

21. Ch. 5 Sec5 Parliament Limits The English Monarchy A.Put the historical events in their order of occurrence • English Bill of Rights • Habeas Corpus Act • Execution of Charles I • James I dies • Petition of Right • English Civil War • Restoration • Glorious Revolution • Charles II dies • James I becomes King B. Answer in a paragraph What were the causes and effects of the Glorious Revolution?