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Simultaneous Solutions for Aesthetics and Other Water Quality Problems

Simultaneous Solutions for Aesthetics and Other Water Quality Problems. Stephen Booth, PhD Craig Thompson, PE. Water Quality Issues. Aesthetics Taste & Odor Color Particulate matter Other Issues Disinfection DBPs and Precursors Treatability. USEPA SMCLs - Aesthetics.

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Simultaneous Solutions for Aesthetics and Other Water Quality Problems

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  1. Simultaneous Solutions for Aesthetics and Other Water Quality Problems Stephen Booth, PhD Craig Thompson, PE

  2. Water Quality Issues • Aesthetics • Taste & Odor • Color • Particulate matter • Other Issues • Disinfection • DBPs and Precursors • Treatability

  3. USEPA SMCLs - Aesthetics

  4. USEPA SMCLs – Aesthetics(Cont’d)

  5. Groundwater Aesthetics • Iron-reducing bacteria and soluble iron • Sulfur-reducing bacteria and sulfides • High mineral content • Salt water intrusion • Contamination

  6. Surface Water Issues • Planktonic and benthic algae • Proliferation of algae in reservoirs • Agricultural runoff • Industrial discharges • Wastewater plant discharges

  7. Earthy/Musty Grassy/Green Vegetation Decaying/Marshy Fishy Septic Medical/Chemical MTBE (chemical) Woody/Hay Soapy Surface Water Odor Qualities

  8. After Treatment… • Distribution system issues • Plumbing and storage

  9. Geosmin (t-1,10-dimethyl-t,9-decalol) • Geo (earth) + osme = odor • Customer complaints common > 10 ng/L • Odor threshold at 45°C ~5 ng/L

  10. 2-MIB (2-Methylisoborneol) • Odor descriptors: musty, peaty, earthy, damp soil • Sensitivity highly variable

  11. Established: Oxidation Adsorption Emerging: Advanced Oxidation Biodegradation Alternate Adsorbents Treatment Techniques Complex design and operation Significant costs

  12. Evaluating Alternatives • Oxidation / Advanced Oxidation • Ozone • Chlorine dioxide • Potassium permanganate • UV + Peroxide • Adsorption • GAC • PAC

  13. Taste versus Safety Ratings 10 = Perfectly Safe 0 = Very unsafe Data from MWDSC/USBR Salinity Management Study, June 1999. Sample of five Southern California communities. Initial sample = 1503

  14. Lake Bard Water Filtration Plant • Calleguas Municipal Water District • Source water is Lake Bard • Seasonal algae problems results in T&O • Ozone process • Oxidizes T&O • Improves micro-flocculation • High downstream filtration rates (9 gpm/ft2)

  15. Oxygenation System Schematic

  16. Tower and Eduction System

  17. Jamieson Canyon Water Treatment Plant • City of Napa, CA • Current plant expansion: 12 to 24 mgd • North Bay Aqueduct Water Quality • Episodes of elevated TOC and turbidity • Terminal Reservoir subject to algae and T&O • Open (sunlight) • Nutrient input from bird population

  18. Raw Water Quality

  19. Ozone System Design Criteria

  20. Jamieson Canyon WTP (Cont’d) • Pre-Ozone for simultaneous benefits: • T&O treatment • Pre-oxidize without forming THMs and HAAs • Oxidation of organics and color • Lower coagulant dosage

  21. Jamieson Canyon WTP (Cont’d) • Pre-Ozone for simultaneous benefits: • Disinfection benefit • Ability to use settled water pipe as intermediate ozone contactor • Removal of PPCPs

  22. Conclusions • Taste and odor quality important to consumers • Expense of T&O treatment drives us to look for multiple benefits • Opportunity for creativity

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