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Understanding Porifera and Cnidaria: The Root of Invertebrate Life

Explore the fascinating world of sponges and jellyfish. Learn about their unique biology, structure, and functions in the ocean ecosystem. Discover how these simple yet essential animals contribute to marine life.

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Understanding Porifera and Cnidaria: The Root of Invertebrate Life

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  1. Kingdom Animalia Invertebrates Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnideria

  2. SPONGES

  3. Sponges Phylum Porifera (pore-bearers)/ simplest animal Body Symmetry/Shape: Asymmetrical Segmentation: None Coelom/body cavity: Acoelomates Nervous system: No Cephalization Skeleton/Movement: Sessile, Endoskeleton-Spicules

  4. SPONGES Digestion: filter feeders / many pores .Choanocytes are flagellated cells that pull food in thru ostia (pores) and the amoebocyte cells circulate food around the organism Excretion: diffusion; wastes exit thru osculum Circulation: None Respiration: diffusion-obtain oxygen from water Reproduction: sexual-Hermaphrodites(have sperm & egg)-Both sexes in same organism called monoecious: asexual- bud; Regenerate body parts

  5. Sponge examples &Uses Examples: natural & kitchen sponges Uses: cleaning, bathing, & makeup application

  6. Body structure: A. Osculum: water exits-part of feeding B. Pore cells (ostia): water enters-part of feeding C. Collar cells:(choanocytes)- line interior, have flagella to filter out food from water D. Amoebocytes: carry nutrients from collar cells to body of the sponge E. Spicules- support/skeleton F. Epithelial cells-”skin”-support/protection

  7. Figure 26–8 The Anatomy of a Sponge Section 26-2 Water flow Osculum Choanocyte(collar cells) Central cavity Pores Spicule Pore cell Pore Epidermal cell Archaeocyte

  8. Cnidarians Aurelia Portuguese-man-of-war Sea Aneome Hydras

  9. Phylum Cnidaria- “stinging cell”; predators Germ Layers: 2 Body Symmetry/shape: Radial, 2 body forms: Polyp & Medusa Segmentation: none Coelom: Acoelomate Nervous: Cephalization absent; Nerve Net-conducts impulses Skeleton/Movement: Hydrostatic; nematocyst: stinging cells found on tentacles; sessile or move

  10. Digestion: one body opening for food & wastes Excretion: Circulation: none Respiration: oxygen diffuses into body from water Reproduction: asexual-budding-Polyp form- ex. Hydra sexual-Medusa form- ex. Jellyfish regenerates body parts

  11. Groups & Uses of Cnidarians • 3 Groups of Cnidarians: 1. Hydrozoans: colonies which appear to be one organism Ex: Portuguese-man-of-war 2. Scyphozoans: independent medusa forms Ex: jellyfish, box jelly 3. Anthozoans: colonies of polyps Ex: corals, sea anemone Riches of the sea

  12. Structure:The Polyp and Medusa Stages Tentacles Mesoglea Gastrovascular cavity Mouth/anus Mouth/anus Gastrovascularcavity Tentacles Epidermis Mesoglea Gastroderm Medusa Polyp basal disc: sticky structure at the bottom of polyp ; sessile

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