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CPR/First Aid

CPR/First Aid. Lesson 03 Checking an Ill or Injured Person. First Aid Care Guidelines. According to the American Red Cross guidelines for first aid & care; An infant -from birth to 1 year. A child -1-12 years (school age). An adult -12 years or older. Checking a Conscious Person.

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CPR/First Aid

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  1. CPR/First Aid Lesson 03Checking an Ill or Injured Person CPR/FA Lesson 03

  2. First Aid Care Guidelines According to the American Red Cross guidelines for first aid & care; • An infant-from birth to 1 year. • A child-1-12 years (school age). • An adult-12 years or older. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  3. Checking a Conscious Person When conducting interviews (victim & bystanders), ask simple questions and keep it brief. • Identify yourself. • Ask for consent to help & the person’s name. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  4. Checking a Conscious Person(cont) • What happened? • Do you feel pain anywhere? • Do you have any allergies? • Do you have any medical conditions? • Are you taking any medications? CPR/FA Lesson 03

  5. Checking a Conscious Person (cont)Checking from Head to Toe When checking a conscious person– • Do not move areas where they have discomfort or if you suspect a head/neck/back injury. • Look for cuts, bruises, bumps & depressions. • Watch for changes in consciousness. (Drowsy/not alert/confused) CPR/FA Lesson 03

  6. Checking a Conscious Person (cont)Checking from Head to Toe • Look for changes in the person’s breathing. • Notice how the skin looks & feels. • Look over the entire body. • Check head, shoulders, chest, abdomen. • Check arms, hands, fingers. • Check hips and legs in the same way. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  7. Checking a Conscious Person (cont)Checking from Head to Toe • Look for medical ID tag. (Medic Alert) • Gives you medical information. • Explains how to care for certain conditions. • List who to call for help. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  8. ABC’s of First Aid A = Airway B = Breathing C = Circulation CPR/FA Lesson 03

  9. ABC’s of First Aid (cont) Airway Open it with a head tilt, chin lift. Breathing Check for breathing & signs of life for no more than 10 seconds. (Look, listen & feel) Circulation If a child/infant shows no signs of life, you will have to check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  10. Pulse Checks Adult-neck/carotid artery Child-neck/carotid artery Infant-upper arm/brachial artery Groin region/femoral artery CPR/FA Lesson 03

  11. Pulse Checks/Arteries Carotid Radial CPR/FA Lesson 03

  12. Pulse Checks/Arteries Brachial Femoral CPR/FA Lesson 03

  13. Circulation • Recognize breathing emergencies in children, and act before the heart stops. • When a child/infant’s heart stops, it is usually the result of a breathing emergency. • Adults’ hearts frequently stop beating because of disease. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  14. Shock Shock is a condition in which the circulatory system fails to supply oxygen to the body’s tissues and vital organs. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  15. Shock (cont) When the body is healthy, 3 conditions are needed to keep the right amount of blood flowing– • The heart must be working well. • An adequate amount of oxygen-rich blood must be circulating in the body. • Blood vessels must be intact and able to adjust blood flow. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  16. Signals of Shock • Restlessness/irritability • Altered level of consciousness • Nausea/vomiting • Pale, ashen, cool, moist skin • Rapid breathing and pulse • Excessive thirst CPR/FA Lesson 03

  17. Recognizing & Caring for Shock • Shock is likely to develop after any serious injury/illness including severe bleeding, serious internal injury, significant fluid loss or other conditions. • A person showing signals of shock needs immediate medical attention because body systems & organs are failing. • The goals of first aid are; get help, provide care and minimize shock. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  18. Caring for Shock The following steps can minimize the effects of shock on the body. • Call 911/local emergency #. • Help the person rest comfortably. • Control external bleeding. • Elevate the legs about 12 inches. Unless you suspect a head/neck/back injury or possible broken bones. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  19. Caring for Shock(cont) • Maintain normal body temperature. • Do not give them anything to eat or drink. • Reassure the person. • Monitor the ABC’s and provide care for the conditions that you may find. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  20. Skill Steps for Checking an Unconscious Adult Step 1-Check scene, then check the person. Step 2-Tap shoulder & shout. Step 3-Have someone call 911. (If an unconscious person is face-down–Roll face-up supporting head, neck & back.) CPR/FA Lesson 03

  21. Skill Steps for Checking an Unconscious Adult (cont) Step 4-Open the airway (head-tilt, chin-lift), check for signs of life, movement & breathing for no more than 10 seconds. Step 5-If no breathing, give 2 rescue breaths. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  22. Skill Steps for Checking an Unconscious Adult (cont) Step 6-If breathing, place in the recovery position and monitor the ABCs. WHAT TO DO NEXT… Be prepared to perform CPR or use an AED. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  23. Recovery Position (RP) • If you are alone and have to leave the person for any reason, place the person in the RP. • If the person has been in the RP for more than 30 minutes & begins to show signs of loss of circulation in the lower arm, turn them to the opposite side. CPR/FA Lesson 03

  24. HAINES Position (HP)High Arm In Endangered Spine (H.A.IN.E.S.) Position • If you suspect a head/neck/back injury & can maintain an open airway, do not move the person. • If an opened airway cannot be maintained, or you must leave the person to get help or an AED, put them in the HAINES position. CPR/FA Lesson 03

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