Islam

1. Islam

2. 3 – 2 – 1 3 – DIFFERENCES – Judaism & Christianity 2 – SIMILARITIES – Judaism & Christianity 1 – FACT ABOUT ISLAM

3. Objectives • Summarize the history & beliefs of the Islamic Faith • Explain the historical & cultural importance of the Muslim people • Describe Islamic traditions and holidays

4. Basic Philosophy • Religion is called Islam • Believe in the same God as the Jews and Christians • Allah – Arabic word for God • The people are known as Muslims • Persons achieve salvation by following the 5 pillars of Islam

5. The History • Life of Muhammad • The great prophet of Islam • Born in Mecca in 570 AD • some Muslims believe that it is against Islam to make images of the Prophet • others have more relaxed attitudes. • The one finger symbolizes the basic Islamic tenet of the one God. • The medallions in the upper corners contain the words "Allah" (to the right) and "Muhammad" (to the left).

6. The History • At age 40 – he had a vision of the angel Gabriel ordering him to teach the word of God (Allah) • This was in conflict of with Mecca’s leaders • Left Mecca for Medina – the hijrah • Hijrah means ‘great emigration’. • The year that the Hijrah took place marks the first year of the Islamic calendar • In 630, reentered Mecca with his followers • Cities to Know: • Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem

7. True or False • Muslims have a eccentric religion and worship a group of gods called Allah. • FALSE • Reality: • Muslims are monotheistic and worship the same one God as Christians and Jews.

8. As a faith, Muslims believe • Monotheism • There is only one God, he did not have children • Holy Book is the Qur’an (Koran) • God’s revelations to Muhammad • Five Pillars of Islam

9. Five Pillars of Islam • 1 – Recite the profession of faith • Belief in one God and that Muhammad is His prophet. • Recitation of the Koran (Quran) • 2 – Pray five times a day facing Mecca • 3 – Give alms – money to the poor

10. Five Pillars of Islam • 4 – Fast during the month of Ramadan – 9th month of the year • No eating or drinking during daylight hours • No pork or alcohol • 5 – If at all possible make a pilgrimage to Mecca once in your lifetime

11. In Mecca during the pilgrimage www.thefaithclub.com 28

12. True or False • Most Muslims are Arabs who live in the Middle East • FALSE • Reality: • Of more than 1.5 billion Muslims worldwide, only about 1/5 are Arabs.

13. Try to guess • Which country has more Muslims than any other country in the world? • Answer • Indonesia - with over 200 million Muslims. • Note: The U.S. has about 5 million Muslims.

14. http://www.skidmore.edu/academics/arthistory/ah369/islam_map.jpghttp://www.skidmore.edu/academics/arthistory/ah369/islam_map.jpg 7

15. Muslims are • 1.5 billion in worldwide population • Middle East, Central Asia, Indonesia, and North America • Led by a Imam in services • Friday is the day of worship • In a Mosque • Divided • split into two factions after the Umayyads killed Muhammad's grandson, Husayn • Shi’ites – believe that Husayn was the rightful leader • Sunni – believe that the Umayyads are the rightful leaders

16. Mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia http://islamicbooks.info/H-21-Madh'habs 30

17. Holiday • Ramadan • Month of fasting during daylight hours • YouTube - 5. The Concept of Islam: Zakat Fasting and Hajj

18. True or False Muslims believe it is o.k. to kill civilians in a holy war (“jihad”). False Reality: Only Muslim extremists believe this. 11

19. True or False Most Muslim women wear veils over their faces and are treated very badly. 13

20. False REALITY: Muslim women have many different styles of dress. (Very few cultures require women to cover their faces.) The treatment of women varies from country to country and family to family. Some Muslim countries, like Pakistan, have had female prime ministers. The U.S. has never had a female president. 14