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Explore the rapid conquests of the German army through Blitzkrieg tactics, the pivotal Battle of Britain, and the expansion of the Axis powers during World War II. Learn about key events such as the invasion of Poland, attack on Western Europe, and Japan's role in the conflict.
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The Axis Advances Chapter 14 Section 2
I. The German army used the tactics of Blitzkrieg to conquer almost all of Europe in three short years. Seeds of the Nazi Empire’s eventual destruction were sown at the Battle of Britain and the assault on the Soviet Union
A. German Offensive • 1. Invasion of Poland 1939- made possible through non-aggression pact with Soviet Union • 2.Great Britain and France brought into war
3. Poland was first Blitzkrieg -”lightning war” • a. Panzer tanks • b. Stuka dive bombers • 4. Evacuation of Dunkirk
B. Attack on Western Europe • 1. Belgium, Holland fall • 2. Norway- Quisling • 3. Defeat of France 1940 • a. failure of Maginot Line • b. Vichy Government
C. July 10, 1940 – Oct 31, 1940 Battle of Britain • 1. Winston Churchill • 2. the “Blitz” • 3. Luftwaffe • 4. turning point of the war- staging area for D-Day
American support-FDR a. Lend Lease March 1941 b. Atlantic Charter- January 1942 c. Destroyer Deal September 2, 1940
Eastern Europe 1. Jun 22, 1941 – Dec 5, 1941 invasion of Soviet Union 2. fall of Balkan States 3. Italy- Albania 4. 20 million Russians killed 5. German military high command disagrees with Hitler’s war aims
Results of attack on Soviet Union 1. Massive casualties 2. Tremendous drain on German resources 3. Foundations for German defeat
Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and brought the U.S. into the war
Japanese expansion 1930 to 1945 1. The Greater Asia- Co Prosperity Sphere 2. China- raw materials 3. Indochina- food 4. Indonesia- oil 5. Australia- mineral wealth
Conflict with U.S. • 1. Philippines • 2. Japan signs treaty with Germany • 3. FDR cuts off trade to Japan • 4. 1937 U.S. demands Japanese withdrawal from China
War with U.S. 1. Dec 7, 1941Pearl Harbor 2. mistake or gamble? 3. Possible sites?-Did we know? 4. “Day that will live on in infamy” 5. U.S. enters war