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Alcohol Effects on the Body: Physiology, Risks, and Prevention

Understand alcohol as a drug and its impact on the liver, brain, and overall health. Learn about BAC, binge drinking dangers, FAS, alcoholism, and the dangers of drunk driving.

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Alcohol Effects on the Body: Physiology, Risks, and Prevention

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  1. Alcohol

  2. Alcohol (ethyl) • Effects the Body • ALCOHOL is the drug found in beer, wine, and liquor that causes intoxication. • Why is alcohol considered a drug? • What type of drug is alcohol?

  3. Find a partner Read Alcohol and Your Body Underline the most important information in each box Answer questions Read pgs. 287-288 (effects of alcohol on the brain) 6. Flip over and to the same for Alcohol and Your Brain 7. Be ready to discuss

  4. Short-Term Effects Discussion Heart Stomach Kidneys Skin Eyes Bones Liver

  5. Effects on the Mind What did you learn? Alcohol is a DEPRESSANT. --it slows down the nervous system

  6. Physiology of a Hangover READ Pg. 291 *the negative symptoms caused by excessive alcohol use Symptoms: tiredness, headaches, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, sensitivity to light, thirst, shakiness, depression, anxiety, irritability

  7. Physiology of a Hangover • Alcohol enters the blood stream and circulates. When alcohol reaches the brain, you stop producing vasopressin. • Body stops reabsorbing liquid • Body removes water from other parts of body—like brain

  8. Liver, Oxidation, Cirrhosis LIVER Used for detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of chemicals necessary for digestion There is no way to compensate for the absence of liver function long-term Already working at 100% capacity. Alcohol increases the liver’s work rate.

  9. OXIDATION The liver coverts alcohol into water, carbon dioxide, and energy It can oxidize only about 1/3 to ½ of an ounce of alcohol an hour—so it would take about an hour to eliminate the alcohol from a 12 oz can of beer CIRRHOSIS http://youtu.be/l-SBR7p7K-M *About 14,000 people die each year from cirrhosis.

  10. B.A.C • Is the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage. • READ pg. 288 • If a female weighs 125 pounds and has three dinks in 1 hour, what will her BAC be? How will she be affected? • What is the legal BAC limit for driving under the influence?

  11. Binge Drinking Pg. 295 When a man drinks _____ or more drinks in one sitting and a woman drinks _____ or more=BINGE DRINKING ____________ is a medical emergency that occurs when a high BAC suppresses the CNS. A BAC of _________ or higher can lead to permanent brain damage—or death! Binge Drinking Dangers

  12. Long-Term Effects Brain Permanent brain damage, shrunken brain, dead brain cells Heart Irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure (hypertension), enlarged heart, anemia Mouth, esophagus, stomach Irritation, stomach bleeding, cancer of mouth, esophagus, and stomach Immune System Diminished function=harder to fight off diseases Small Intestines Decreased ability to absorb vitamins Liver Hepatitis-inflammation of the liver Liver cancer Cirrhosis-a disease that replaces healthy liver tissue with scare tissue *It is the 12th leading cause of death in the US

  13. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) A set of physical and mental defects that affect a fetus that has been exposed to alcohol because of the mother’s consumption of alcohol during her pregnancy. Children with FAS have various physical deformities and mental retardation FAS is the leading preventable cause of mental retardation in our country. each year 5000 babies are born with FAS

  14. Alcoholism Abuse-too much, too often, or at inappropriate times Alcoholism-a disease that causes a person to lose control of his or her drinking behavior. The drinker is both physically and emotionally addicted to alcohol Read pgs. 301-305 ANSWER QUESTIONS #1-4

  15. Alcoholism affects more than just the alcoholic: Guilty feelings Unpredictable behaviors Violence Neglect and isolation Protecting the alcoholic enabling: helping the addict avoid the negative consequences Ignoring one’s own needs codependency: one sacrifices own needs in order to meet the needs of the addict

  16. So, let’s talk about why drinking and driving is a deadly combination… *What’s the #1 leading cause of death among teens in the US? *All the skills you need to drive are impaired by alcohol, like….? Only about 7% of crashes involve alcohol, but 39% of those fatal accidents involve alcohol. Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is the US’s most frequently committed violent crime ALL 50 STATES have a “zero tolerance” for people under 21 Anyone 21 and over caught driving with a BAC of 0.08 percent or over will be arrested for DUI In some states, a higher limit, about 0.10 percent, puts you in a more serious category—DWI Iowa DUI and DWI Laws and Enforcement

  17. Buying, trying to buy, or possessing alcohol is illegal for teens. Teens are automatically charges with minor in possession (MIP) If teens are drinking in a public place, the charge is public intoxication (PI) Fake ID’s get you arrested, too! *Effects of alcohol on the brain is much more potent in teens because your brain is still developing—it also greatly increases the risk of alcoholism. JUST SAY NO to drunk driving MADD and SADD are organizations dedicated to the fight against drunk driving

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