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The Future of the US program

The Future of the US program. Pier Oddone Symposium for the 30 th anniversary celebration of the US/Japan Agreement on High Energy Physics October 21 st , 2010. Drivers for the program.

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The Future of the US program

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  1. The Future of the US program Pier Oddone Symposium for the 30th anniversary celebration of the US/Japan Agreement on High Energy Physics October 21st, 2010

  2. Drivers for the program • Drivers for the US program are simple and universal: the quest to solve the profound mysteries that surround us • The ability to bring together the teams to solve these mysteries: • The next generation of accelerators • The next generation of detector technology • New simulation, computation and analysis techniques Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  3. The triumphs ………………….. • The present theory is a remarkable intellectual construction • Every particle experiment ever done fits in the framework Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  4. ……………. and the mysteries • Mystery one: why are we here? From what we learned we should be a soup of photons!!! • Matter and antimatter annihilation. • We need to violate symmetry! Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  5. Is it quarks? neutrinos? higgses? • The B factories  asymmetries in quark sector are too small • Use as substrate to understand the presence of new interactions • Super B – factories in Japan (and Italy?) Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  6. Is it quarks? neutrinos? higgses? • Quark sector also studied at Tevatron and LHCb • Are we starting to see “anomalous” CP violation in Bs decays? • To be followed up with Tevatron extension, LHCb, and Super-B factories Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  7.  e “  e ” CP Is P(  e)  P(  e)? Is it neutrinos? • Leptogenesis is an attractive alternative • Requires CP violation in heavy neutrino sector • We are far from understanding neutrinos, their masses, mixings, and CP violation + e–  Matter Detector + e+ – Antimatter Detector  – Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  8. Remove Accelerators from Cockroft-Walton though Booster and Booster neutrino. All the green ones including MuCOOL stay Is it neutrinos? Ultimate Goal multi MW beam large detector (a few 100 kton) long distance (> 1,200 km) Project X Neutrino physics Muon physics Kaon physics Nuclear physics Project X Neutrino physics Muon physics Kaon physics Nuclear physics Project X provides: neutrinos muons kaons nuclei “simultaneously” 2 MW (60-120 GeV) 1300 km Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  9. Is it neutrinos? Intermediate Steps NOvA (off-axis) MINERvA SeaQuest MicroBooNE (LAr TPC) Neutrinos since 2013: NOvA, MINERvA MicroBooNE SeaQuest 810 km 700 kW NOvA Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  10. More surprises in neutrinos ? Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  11. Is it neutrinos? • The attack on neutrino parameters is broad: • Fermilab (MINOS, MINERvA, MiniBooNE and MicroBooNE, NOvA, LBNE) and JPARC beams (T2K, HyperK): different baselines, different energies • Reactor experiments: Double Chooz and Daya Bay • Neutrino-less double B decay: Majorana and EXO • New technologies: scale up of liquid argon TPCs to many kilotons • R&D on neutrino factory Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  12. Or from higgses? • From decays of Higgs at future lepton colliders discover a new source of CP violation (e.g. angular correlations to specific decays) • Solves the mystery of why matter dominates over antimatter Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  13. ……………. and the mysteries • Mystery two: what gives mass to elementary particles? • Mass of composite particles understood E=mc2. • But the theory has zero masses for quarks and leptons. What breaks the symmetry? Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  14. ……………. and the mysteries • Mystery three: are there extra dimensions of space as string theories require to make sense of gravity ? • Mystery four: are there new symmetries (such as supersymmetry or SUSY) Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  15. Higgs Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  16. Continuing attack at the Tevatron CDF Detector at the Tevatron D0 Detector at the Tevatron Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  17. CMS Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  18. ATLAS muon detectors ATLAS Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  19. Higgs searches For very light Higgs, Tevatron is competitive through 2014 in the principal decay mode to the b-bbar – LHC needs about 30 fb-1 to get results for b-bbar mode Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  20. Biggest decision of the decade ! By far the easiest! A global program ILC Enough or LHC Results CLIC or ILC not enough Muon collider Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  21. Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  22. ……………. and the mysteries • Mystery five: why are there three families of quarks and leptons? • The 18 parameters of the Standard Model: you would not be here without them • The whole issue of flavor and the couplings to what lies beyond is one of the deepest puzzles Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  23. Interplay: LHC Intensity Only handle on the next energy scale nothing Intensity Frontier LHC Determine/verify structure of new physics. Anything beyond? Lots Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  24. ~ c01 ~ c01 Missing ET Example: early discovery at LHC • ATLAS discovers strongly coupled SUSY • A host of new particles: fit roughly some masses, make assumption on couplings dark matter candidate Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  25. Large effects in kaon decay rates d d d d d d d d W s s s s d d squarks quarks d d squarks quarks W W slepts lepts Z n n n n SM: KLp0 n n n n n n c c c c BSM: KLp0 n n Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  26. For particular classes of SUSY • Large effect on rare K decay modes highly suppressed with SM particles • Much higher SM backgrounds in B and C decays Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  27. UED A new (g-2) to uncertainty 0.14*10-11 Model LHC Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  28. Mu2e Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  29. Mu2e can probe 103 – 104 TeV New Physics Scale (TeV) with Project X pre-Project X MEG Experiment SUSY Compositeness Model Parameter Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  30. ……………. and the mysteries • Mystery six: what is dark matter • It is everywhere, it is five times more abundant than matter. • We have strong suspicions of what it is Galaxies are spinning too fast to be held together by gravity of the stars Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  31. The search for dark matter COUPP COUPP (2010) CDMS Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  32. The search for dark matter • Next generation prototypes with noble liquids: 1) depleted liquid argon and 2) xenon • However, most of the effort is going to the detection of WIMPS, whereas dark matter could be quite different: axions at one end or super-massive particles at the other • For direct detection eventually scale one or two technologies to the ton scale CDMS Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  33. ……………. and the mysteries • Mystery seven: what is dark energy? Not a clue! • Accelerates the expansion of the Universe! • Contains three times more energy than dark matter. Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  34. SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) Ranks as highest impact facility in astronomy for the 4rd year in a row. Baryon acoustic oscillations DES (Dark Energy Survey) 4 meter telescope in Chile DES Camera under construction Operation: 2011 – 2016 LSST Important DOE role DOE/NSF collaboration Dark Energy SDSS DES JDEM Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  35. Collaborative efforts at Fermilab 27 countries 23 countries 16 countries International collaborations for our programs Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

  36. Towards a unified picture…. Is there an underlying simplicity? Pier Oddone, 30th Anniversay Japan/US, 2010

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