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Advanced Electron Microscopy Pathology Review: From Organelles to Tumors

Dive into the world of electron microscopy with a focus on cytoplasmic organelles, tumors, and infectious agents. Learn tissue processing techniques, interpretation of ultrastructural features, and more to enhance diagnostic skills.

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Advanced Electron Microscopy Pathology Review: From Organelles to Tumors

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  1. Electron Microscopy - Osler Institute Pathology Board Review • Objectives • Detect and recognize cytoplasmic organelles and matrix • Interpret the ultrastructural features of commonly encountered tumors, non neoplastic entities and infectious agents • Guide to tissue submission • Undifferentiated malignant tumors Small cell malignancies • Neuroendocrine tumors CNS tumors • Anomalous IHC results Select IHC panel • Eosinophilic granuloma Renal biopsies • Heart biopsies Nerve biopsies • Bullous diseases of skin Storage diseases • Rapid diagnosis of viral infection Ciliary dysmorphology • Extracellular matrix

  2. Electron Microscopy - Osler Institute Pathology Board Review • Processing tissue for electron microscopy • 1 mm cubed tissue pieces • Dehydrate, infiltrate, osmicate, embed in plastic • Toluidine blue thick sections • Thin sections – 100 nm on copper grids (silver sections) • Interpretation of electron micrographs • Determine approximate magnification • Identify organelles • Integrate ultrastructural features with clinical history, light microscopy, IHC and molecular diagnostics • Limitations of electron microscopy • Sample size • Multidirectional differentiation • No diagnostic organelles

  3. Electron Microscopy - Osler Institute Pathology Board Review • Primer of Organelles • Nucleus • Abundant heterochromatin – Ewings sarcoma, B cell lymphoma • Cerebriform nuclear contours • Nuclear pseudoinclusions – nuclear pockets • Intranuclear tubular aggregates • Nucleolus • Meandering reticular nucleoli – seminoma, dysgerminoma • Marginated Nucleolus • Increased nucleoli Slide 3

  4. Electron Microscopy - Osler Institute Pathology Board Review • Primer of Organelles • Cytoplasm • Annulate lamellae Cylindrical confronting cisternae • Cytoskeleton Endoplasmic reticulum • Golgi Intercellular junctions • Lamellar cytoplasmic inclusions Lipid • Langerhan’s cell granules Lysosomes • Melanosomes Microvilli • Mitochondria Ribosomes and polyribosomes • Secretory granules Tubular reticular structures • Weibel Palade bodies • Extracellular Matrix • Amyloid • Collagen

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