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Development of PLAY. Play Perspectives. Work of the Young Explore their environment Develop sensory & perceptual abilities Experiment with behaviors in new situations Deal with emotional issues. Play with CJ?. What is it?. Internally motivated Focused on means, not ends Freely chosen
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Play Perspectives • Work of the Young • Explore their environment • Develop sensory & perceptual abilities • Experiment with behaviors in new situations • Deal with emotional issues
What is it? • Internally motivated • Focused on means, not ends • Freely chosen • Non-serious • Highly engaging
Functions of Play • Cognitive development is increased- Piaget • Exploration of the environment • Experimentation with novel things/activities • Problem-solving
Functions of Play • Social development is increased • Play allows us to try out new roles • Practice different social solutions to situations (often by accident) • Allows us to experience levels of competency (modeling)
Functions of Play • Problem solving • Children work out problems • Create new approaches • Deal with emotional issues in a non-threatening environment
Theories of Play • Surplus energy • Play serves the purpose of discharging excess energy • Cognitive development • Play facilitates cog dev • Helps us consolidate learning taking place in other parts of life • Learning in a relaxed atmosphere
Theories of Play • Arousal modification • Play relieves boredom • Play reduces uncertainty • Play keeps the body at an optimal state of arousal
Theories of Play • Practice for adulthood • Play allows us to develop the skills and knowledge needed for adult functioning • Contextual (Vygotsky) • Play allows us to reconstruct reality (practice) without influences imposed by the situation, context, or regulations.
Gender Differences • Do boys play differently than girls?
Stages of Play • Pre play behaviors- not necessarily “PLAY” • Unoccupied play- random play-like movements. Attention is focused on anything briefly • On-looker play- Child watches other children, may ask questions or interact, but does not join the activity
Stages of Play • Solitary Play • Child plays alone independently with • different toys than the other children • Parallel Play • Child plays independently- next to (or alongside) other children • Child plays with the same toys as the other children • Child does not try to influence or have any part of other children’s play
Stages of Play • Associative Play • Child plays with other children • Child plays with toys in the same way as other children, or tries to influence them to “play like me” • Shares toys • Talking between children • No organization or common goal
Stages of Play • Cooperative play • Group Play • Organized toward a common goal • Division of labor • Different children have different roles
Parten’s Stages of Play • Click Here