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Changes in Medieval Society. Growing Food Supply Switch to horsepower The three-field system The Guilds Organization of individuals in the same business Merchants came together to keep prices up Wealth helped them gain influence over government and economy. Commercial Revolution
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Changes in Medieval Society • Growing Food Supply • Switch to horsepower • The three-field system • The Guilds • Organization of individuals in the same business • Merchants came together to keep prices up • Wealth helped them gain influence over government and economy
Commercial Revolution • Expansion of trade and finance • Town fairs • Trade to foreign lands • Life in the city • Large amounts of credit and cash • Letters of credit • Banking by Jews and Christians
Urban life flourishes • Towns swelled with people • Streets were narrow, filled with animals and waste • Lack of fresh water, air and light • Serfs could be free • Burghers; resented interferences, demanded privileges
The Revival of learning • Jewish scholars translated Arabic texts • Science, philosophy, law and math • Technology in ships, navigation and weapons • Universities • Vernacular writings • Thomas Aquinas and his scholastics • Developed democratic institutions and traditions