Warm up: Images and Song Notes on: Discrimination Closing Activity: Quotes Review

1. Warm up: Images and Song • Notes on: Discrimination • Closing Activity: Quotes • Review

2. Warm Up: Song Lyrics – (Analysis)ImagesNotes on DiscriminationQuotesVenn Diagram - Classification

3. Strange Fruit by Billie Holiday (written by Lewis Allen) • Southern trees bear strange fruit,Blood on the leaves and blood at the root,Black bodies swinging in the southern breeze,Strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees.Pastoral scene of the gallant south,The bulging eyes and the twisted mouth,Scent of magnolias, sweet and fresh,Then the sudden smell of burning flesh.Here is fruit for the crows to pluck,For the rain to gather, for the wind to suck,For the sun to rot, for the trees to drop,Here is a strange and bitter crop.

5. Images

9. Voting Discrimination -end of Reconstruction Re-Introduction of “Home Rule” -literacy tests Limit the vote to those who can read – typically asked harder questions of Blacks or gave them a test in a foreign language. Officials had the final say on who passed and failed -poll taxes Annual tax that must be paid in order to qualify to vote – Discriminated against Blacks and White Sharecroppers -grandfather clause If you failed the literacy test and couldn’t pay off the poll tax than if your father or grandfather was eligible to vote before Jan. 1, 1867 you could vote.

10. Segregation -black codes Segregation in private and public facilities. Initial step -Jim Crow laws Racial segregation in schools, hospitals, parks, transportation systems, etc. -segregation Separation of people on the basis of race. -Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 separate but equal doctrine Does not violate the 14th amendment Plessy sat in the “Whites Only” part of a train and then refused to move

11. Race Relations -racial etiquette Belittling and humiliating to African Americans – Second Class Status – Can’t shake a Whites hand, must yield to Whites on the sidewalks, Black men must remove their hats to Whites -lynchingpunishment for violating etiquette without trial Ida B. Wells Teacher, turned Reporter – reported about Racial Justice and the need for it to be created and enforced -discrimination in the Northern cities also Segregated Neighborhoods – Discrimination in the work place: Labor Unions, Fired first, Hired last

12. Booker T. Washington Racism will end once blacks acquire useful labor skills and proved their economic value - Founded Tuskegee Institute Teaching diplomas, and taught useful skills in agriculture, domestic, or mechanical work -gradual improvement was goal -economic equality first vocational training -Atlanta Compromise -Washington proposed that blacks and white could cooperate on certain economic issues while being separate in social issues

13. W.E.B. DuBois -Harvard educated First African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard -demanded full equal rights now “Talented Tenth” – achieve immediate inclusion in Mainstream American Life -Niagara Falls Convention Blacks seek Liberal Arts Education so that the African American community has well educated leaders -helped found the NAACP National Association forthe Advancement of Colored People – 6,000 members by 1914. Nothing less than full equality

14. Other Discrimination -Mexican seasonal workers Railroads of South West, Mining, and Agriculture – less money than any other ethnic group and more work -continued resentment of the Chinese Segregated schools and neighborhoods Chinese Exclusion Act Legal and Economic Problems

15. Quotes

16. Quotes • “We are Americans, not only by birth and by citizenship, but by our political ideas…and the greatest of those ideals is that all men are created equal.” W.E.B. DuBois • “No race can prosper till it learns that there is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem.” Booker T. Washington • “opened my eyes to what lynching really was. An excuse to get rid of Negroes who were acquiring wealth and property and thus keep the race terrorized.” Ida B. Wells • “In the eyes of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant, ruling class of citizens. There is no caste here. Our Constitution is color-blind and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizens are equal before the law.” John Marshall Harlan, Supreme Court Justice, 1896

17. Quotes • “Nothing else so soon brings about right relations between the two races in the South as the industrial progress of the negro. Friction between the races will pass away in proportion as the black man, by reason of his skill, intelligence, and character, can produce something that the white man wants or respects in the commercial world.” Booker T. Washington • “The Negro race, like all races, is going to be saved by its exceptional men. The problem of education, then, among Negroes must first of all deal with the Talented Tenth” W.E.B. DuBois • “We do not believe in violence, neither in the despised violence of the raid nor the lauded violence of the soldier, nor the barbarous violence of the mob, but we do believe in John Brown, in that incarnate spirit of justice, that hatred of a lie, that willingness to sacrifice money, reputation, and life itself on the altar of right.” Niagara Convention

18. Quiz

19. What do you call the fee some states began to charge in order to vote?

20. Name the school he founded?

21. Name the court case which established the separate but equal doctrine which made segregation legal?

22. Ida B. Wells ran a campaign against this illegal activity?

23. Name the group he founded to fight discrimination?

24. Name the Harvard trained African American who demanded full and immediate equality?

25. Name the African American leader who established a school to teach vocational skills as a method of gradual equality?

26. This was a method of allowing people to vote based on the voting status of their ancestors?

27. Name the type of voting discrimination that tested the reading ability of a voter?