Growth of Nationalism & Sectionalism

1. Growth of Nationalism & Sectionalism

2. Uniting the Country • During and after the War of 1812 Nationalism starts to develop and grow in America • Nationalism is a feeling of pride, loyalty and protectiveness toward one’s country. • The People - began seeing themselves as Americans People shift their loyalty to the national government and away from the state governments • The Government - made a deliberate to make the United States more economically self-sufficient.

3. The American System • Establish Protective Tariffs – placing a tax on imported goods to encourage people to buy “home-made” / American made products • Endorse a National Bank – promote a single currency (regional banks issued their own money) • The Second Bank of the United States is created • Improve National Transportation Systems– promote trade and interstate commerce • A system of roads are constructed • Canals are dug • Cities and trade ports are linked

4. Era of Good Feelings • 1816 James Monroe becomes America’s 5th president • Democratic – Republican from Virginia • Federalist party disappears • Supreme Court decisions promote national unity • Nationalist focus leads to the defining and expansion of the country’s borders. • Britain and America establish the 49th parallel as the U.S. – Canadian border in 1818. • The Adams – Onis Treaty of 1819 – Spain give Florida and the Oregon Country to the United States.

6. Sectionalism Develops • While nationalism was growing sectionalism began to develop and threatened to divide the nation. • Sectionalism – loyalty to the interests of a specific region or section of the country. • South - relied on Slavery and the growth of Cotton • Northeast – depended on shipping, trade, and Manufacturing • West – Cheap land for farming, good transportation systems

7. Missouri Compromise Sectionalism divides the country 1817 – Missouri applies for statehood as a slave state. By 1817 there were 22 states in the Union – 11 Free States and 11 Slave States Adding Missouri as a slave state would disrupt the balance between slave states and free states in congress Slave state would have more power in the government

8. Missouri Compromise • Henry Clay proposes a compromise • Admit Missouri as a slave state • Admit Maine as a free State • Maintain the balance of power in congress. • Also established the 36 degrees parallel as the line where slavery would end – not be allowed in the Louisiana Territory.