The Spread of Hellenistic Culture

1. The Spread of Hellenistic Culture

2. objective • Students will be able to demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western Civilization by: • Explaining the conquest of Alexander the Great and the formation and spread of Hellenistic culture by Alexander the Great • Essential Question • How did the empire of Alexander the Great establish a basis for the spread of Hellenistic culture?

3. Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria • Hellenistic • Blend of Egyptian, Persian, Indian, and Greek culture • Emerged after Alexander’s death • Examples • Koine: dialect spoken in Alexandria • Alexandria • Center of Hellenistic commerce • Strategic site on Nile delta in Africa • Thriving harbor • International community with mixture of customs and traditions • Beautiful city • Pharos lighthouse • Library at Alexandria

5. Science and Technology • Alexandria became center of learning and scholarship • Astronomy • Aristarchus • Estimated sun was 300X larger than earth • Proposed Earth and other planets revolved around the sun • Ptolemy • Incorrectly placed earth at center of solar system • Eratosthenes • Closely calculated Earth’s true size • Used geometry to compute earth’s circumference • Was within 1% • Mathematics and Physics • Euclid • Opened school of geometry in Alexandria • Wrote The Elements • Basis for Geometry • Archimedes • Calculated Pi • Explained law of the lever • Invented compound pulley • Invented Archimedes Screw • Used for catapult machines • Basis for later inventions like force pumps and steam engines

6. Aristarchus

7. Eratosthenes

8. Archimedes

9. Philosophy and Art • Influence • Followed belief of universal that followed rational principles • Plato and Aristotle • Stoicism • Developed by Zeno • Believed divine power controlled the universe • People should live virtuous life in harmony with natural law • Control vices like power, wealth • Encouraged an ethical life • Promoted social unity • Appealed to all races, cultures • Realism in Sculpture • Flourishing of sculpture • Honored gods, heroes, and ordinary people • Colossus of Rhodes • Bronze statue • 100 ft tall • One of the seven wonders • Toppled by earthquake in 225 B.C.E. • More realistic than Ancient Greece, more ordinary • Influence would follow to Rome

10. Hellenistic Sculpture

11. Fact List: Alexander the Great Hero Villian

12. Introduction • State thesis • Include introduction to categories • 1st body paragraph • Follow thesis and stick with order • facts • 2nd body paragraph • facts • 3rd body paragraph • facts • Conclusion • Summarize your thesis and main points • Do not restate thesis word for word Outline Thesis:

13. Do not use “I” or “you” • “You will see that Alexander is a Villain.” • “I am going to tell you about Alexander the Great.” • Do not write like you are texting • “U will c that Alexander is a villain.” • Do not write like you are talking to me • “So you see that Alexander is like a hero.” HINTS!

14. objective • Students will be able to demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western Civilization by: • Explaining the conquest of Alexander the Great and the formation and spread of Hellenistic culture by Alexander the Great • Essential Question • How did the empire of Alexander the Great establish a basis for the spread of Hellenistic culture?