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Properties of Living things

Properties of Living things. Early Views of life. Vitalism : Life was generated by a objects acquisition of “ Ethers ” which would manifest animate it. Led to idea of spontaneous generation Flies came from dead animals Mice came from Hay. The Redi Experiment.

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Properties of Living things

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  1. Properties of Living things

  2. Early Views of life • Vitalism: • Life was generated by a objects acquisition of “Ethers” which would manifest animate it. • Led to idea of spontaneous generation • Flies came from dead animals • Mice came from Hay

  3. The Redi Experiment • Idea was challenged by scientist Francesco Redi in 1698. • Designed an experiment where 3 jars contained meat.

  4. Setup 1 • One Jar contained meat and had an open top which would allow the passage of “ethers” and flies. • (maggots would appear on the meat)

  5. Setup 2 • The second jar was covered with an airtight lid allowing the passage of neither “ethers” or flies. • (no maggots would appear on the meat)

  6. Setup 3 • The third was covered by a screen allowing passage of “ethers”, but not flies. • (no maggots would appear on meat)

  7. Conclusion • Since the third setup would theoretically allow the passage of “ethers”, but no maggots appeared, it was implied that flies were the source of the maggots. • Led to the theory of Biogenesis • All life comes from preexisting life

  8. PROPERTIES of LIFE • Be made ofCells. • The Cell is the basic unit of life • Is self contained and possesses a barrier (membrane) which separates itself from the environment. • Two types of organisms. • Unicellular - One celled organism (Uni=1) • Multicellular - Many cells (Multi=”many”)

  9. PROPERTIES of LIFE • Living Things mustReproduce. • Must be able to create more of it’s own kind • Two types of reproduction: • Sexual - Two parent organisms combine genetic material to produce the offspring. • Asexual - When a single organism can divide or “bud” to create it’s offspring without another of it’s species.

  10. PROPERTIES of LIFE • Living things must Have DNA. • (Universal Genetic Code?)

  11. PROPERTIES of LIFE • Living things must Grow & Develop. • Growth refers to two processes. • Increase in the number of cells. • Increase in the size of cells. • Development refers to changes in the organism which occur through it’s life-span. • Includes cell differentiation. • Includes organ development • Includes aging & death.

  12. PROPERTIES of LIFE • Living things obtain & use energy. • Energy is used by all living things for growth, development & reproduction. • Life processes which result in “building” the organism ia known as Anabolism. • Life process where energy is extracted by “breaking-down” substances is called Catabolism.

  13. PROPERTIES of LIFE • Living things must Respond (or react) to their environment in some way. • Something which causes an organism to react is known as a Stimulus (stimuli). • The ability of an organism to react is called Irritability. • Most responses are geared for maintaining Homeostasis. • Homeostasis is a process where an organism maintains a stable internal environment so life can continue. • Some examples include temperature, pH, and water content of the cell.

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