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Organizing Your Speech. Chronological Topical Spatial Cause-Effect Problem-Solution Comparison- Contrast. Introductions. Types Functions. Types of Introductions. Identification with Audience Reference to Situation Statement of Purpose Statement of Importance of Topic
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Organizing Your Speech • Chronological • Topical • Spatial • Cause-Effect • Problem-Solution • Comparison- Contrast
Introductions Types Functions
Types of Introductions • Identification with Audience • Reference to Situation • Statement of Purpose • Statement of Importance of Topic • Surprise Audience with Claim or Statistic
Types of Introductions (con’t) • Anecdotal Story • Rhetorical Question • Quotation • Humor “So there I was at the summit of Mt. Killimanjaro, and I turned to the guide and said…”
Functions of Introductions • Get Attention • Introduce Topic • Provide Motivation • Establish Credibility • Preview Speech
Conclusions Types Functions
Types of Conclusions • Summary • Quotation • Personal Reference • Challenge to Audience • Offer Vision of the Future
Types of Conclusions • Anecdotal Story • Rhetorical Question • Quotation • Humor Remember what Dwight D. Eisenhower once said: “Things are more like they are now, than they have ever been before.”
Functions of Conclusions • Summarize Speech • Reemphasize Main Idea • Motivate Response • Provide Closure
Delivering Speech - Beginning • Walk Calmly with Confidence to Front • Establish Eye Contact • Smile Naturally • Deliver Introduction
Delivering Speech - During • Use Effective Eye Contact • Use Effective Language • Use Effective Gestures • Be Enthusiastic • Use Conversational Style • Use Notes As Needed
Delivering Speech - Ending • “Frame” the Speech • Pause before Returning to Seat • But Don’t Ask for Questions • Accept Applause Graciously
Elements of Vocal Delivery • Speech Rate and Pauses • Volume • Inflection and Pitch • Quality of Voice • Pronunciation and Articulation
Elements of Physical Delivery or Body Language • Appearance • Posture • Facial Expression • Eye Contact • Movement • Gestures
Rehearsing Speech • Recreate Setting • Practice Without Memorizing • Time Speech
Rehearsing Speech • Practice Out Loud • Practice Standing Up • Watch Yourself
Rehearsing Speech • Practice Gestures • Practice Eye Contact • Practice Volume
Plan, Prepare, Polish, Practice, Present The better you know your material the less anxious you’ll be about presenting it. Smile and act natural. Don’t apologize for being nervous. No one will know you’re nervous unless you call attention to it.