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Implementation of ADS-B in Australia ASAS-TN Workshop Malmo, October 2003

Learn about the introduction of ADS-B in Australia, its benefits for ATC surveillance, operational trials, and ground station integration. Explore the specific applications and objectives of ADS-B Package 1 in aviation technology development.

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Implementation of ADS-B in Australia ASAS-TN Workshop Malmo, October 2003

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  1. Implementation of ADS-B in Australia ASAS-TN Workshop Malmo, October 2003 Bob Peake Manager Technology Development Airservices Australia

  2. Package 1 is an initial set of ADS-B applications Agreed between US and Europe Consistent with “ADS-B Concept of Use” developed by the ICAO Oplink panel Accepted by ICAO at ANC 11 Package 1 consists of Five ground surveillance applications, and Seven airborne surveillance applications ADS-B “Package 1”

  3. ADS-B Package 1 – Ground Surveillance Applications • ATC surveillance for en-route airspace • ATC surveillance in terminal areas • ATC surveillance in non radar areas • Airport surface surveillance • Aircraft derived data for ground tools

  4. ADS-B Package 1 – Airborne Surveillance Applications • Enhanced traffic situational awareness on the airport surface • Enhanced traffic situational awareness during flight operations • Enhanced visual acquisition for see and avoid • Enhanced successive visual approaches • Enhanced sequencing and merging operations • In trail procedure in oceanic airspace • Enhanced crossing and passing operations

  5. Why is Australia interested in ADS-B for ATC surveillance in non radar areas?

  6. FAA Radar Coverage – FL 200

  7. European Mode S Radars

  8. 2S 75E 163E Australian Radar Coverage

  9. Australia compared to Europe

  10. International Routes to and from Australia

  11. Australian ATC Environments 2S • ATC Environments • (1) Radar control • Radar + VHF • (2) Non radar continental • ADS-C(FANS1/A) + VHF • CPDLC(FANS1/A) • Pilot reports • (3) Oceanic • ADS + CPDLC(FANS1/A) • Pilot reports + HF • TAAATS integrates Radar, ADS-C and Flight Plan Tracks to provide a common ATC system for all environments • - FANS 1 is available everywhere (3) (3) (2) 75E 163E (1)

  12. The Australian Operational Trial of ADS-B for ATC Ground Surveillance

  13. Burnett Basin ADS-B Trial ADS-B trials are underway in Queensland’s Burnett Basin …paving the way for national implementation.

  14. Australian ADS-B Operational Trial – Burnett Basin BURNETT BASIN Traffic environment • Less than 20 aircraft account for a high % of local flights • RPT : Bundaberg, Maryborough, Hervey Bay & overflight to Gladstone & Rockhampton • Charters off the coast, RFDS, parachuting and other GA Aircraft types • Dash 8, Beech 200,General aviation, Energex Rescue Helicopter Limited Radar (SSR) coverage • above FL120 only BRISBANE SYDNEY

  15. Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Ojectives • Deploy an operational “pilot” or trial system • Avionics • Ground station • ATC processing & display system (TAAATS) software changes • Develop procedures & commission for air traffic control • to provide customer/ATC benefit • to learn lessons from real operational use • Report on possible wide-scale deployment • Examine minimum cost GA solutions & strategies • Prepare Cost/Benefit for wide scale deployment • Make the Australian Aviation community aware of ADS-B

  16. Non-TCAS Equipped Aircraft DF 17 ANTENNA ANTENNA GPS Navigator Aircraft State RS-232 Altitude Gillham A-429 RS-232 Mode S Transponder EXISTING NEW ALTIMETER Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Avionics

  17. Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Avionics TCAS Equipped Aircraft DF 18 ANTENNA ANTENNA GPS Navigator GPS NAVIGATOR Aircraft State RS-232 Altitude Gillham A-429 RS-232 Mode S Transponder L-BAND SUPPRESSION BUS ALTIMETER ANTENNA EXISTING DIVERSITY TRANSPONDER NEW DISPLAY TCAS

  18. Australian ADS-B Operational Trial – Ground Station • Duplicated Receive Only Ground stations • ADS-B receivers • Antennas (DME type) • UPSs • Duplicated Tracking Processors • located at the control centre • ASTERIX format ADS-B tracks out • Maintenance support • Spares • LRU exchange • Training, etc

  19. . .. Integration of ADS-B on Operational ATC Displays • Receives ASTERIX format ADS-B tracks • Tracks linked to FDP by 24 bit code (CODE/) • Extension to TAAATS display priority scheme • Includes Safety Net alerts (MSAW etc) • Updates to training simulators • Updates to recording and analysis tools Radar Tracks ADS–B Tracks NEW SYMBOL ADS- C Tracks Flight Plan Tracks

  20. ADS-B Benefits ATC safety alerting functions will be provided Altitude Conformance Warning Route Conformance Warning Conflict Alert Low Altitude Alert

  21. Safety Case issues for ADS-B Trial • Operating Concepts and Procedures • TAAATS already has operating concepts and procedures for Radar, ADS-C and Flight Plan Tracks on the one display • Adding ADS-B as another category of data did not alter op. concept • ADS-B being validated as equal to or better than radar • Radar procedures and sep standards (5nm) then used with minimal changes for ADS-B • 24 bit code in Flight Plan used for track to plan correlation • ADS-B data not fused with radar for this implementation • Avoids need to revalidate a fused tracking system • Quality of ADS-B data • HPL in Navigator -> NUC in Extended Squitter -> FOM in ASTERIX • Data suppressed from display if FOM poor • Site monitor transponder reports FOM from the site • RAIM prediction service alerts controllers of possible periods of inadequate satellite coverage – managed like a scheduled radar outage

  22. Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance • 4 Dash 8 Aircraft • 2 Helicopters • 2 RFDS B200

  23. Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance B200 Aircraft at Maryborough ~60Nm from ground station down to 100 feet

  24. Radar (black) decoupled from ADS-B (green) to demonstrate performance Scale marker = 1 Nm Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance

  25. 225 Nm 235 Nm Australian ADS-B Operational Trial - Performance UPS B767freighter en-route Sydney to PhilippinesADS-BEquipped Not part of Australian “trial” fleet

  26. ADS-BSeparation Standards

  27. ADS-B Separation Standards • FAA has approved 5nm in Alaska • based on comparison with radar • Airservices working with Regulator • using the same approach • plan 5 nm, and radar procedures for the operational trial • ICAO SASP well advanced on ADS-B • ICAO ADS-B separation standards expected available end 2004

  28. Project to Implement ADS-BinAustralia’s Upper Airspace

  29. Australian ADS-B Upper Airspace Project • Continent wide surveillance above FL300 • ADS-B surveillance for ATC in non radar airspace • Requires 20 – 25 ADS-B receiver sites • Co-locate with existing VHF sites • Status of project • Project approved • Tenders called • Contracts expected Q1 2004 • Schedule • Complete by end 2005 • Follows European mandate for Enhanced Surveillance (Aircraft get ADS-B as part of the Enhanced Surveillance upgrade)

  30. ADS-B Upper Airspace Program Approximately 20 ADS-B ground stations will be deployed in remote regions of Australia by the end of 2005 …expanding high level air traffic surveillance capability to over 97% of the Australian continent. Existing Radar Coverage Radar + ADS-B Coverage

  31. ADS-B Benefits ADS-B will enhance safety and increase operational flexibility for suitably equipped aircraft. • ATC safety alerting will be provided • route and altitude monitoring • short term conflict detection • Radar-like separation standards will apply • Opens the possibility for “enhanced see and avoid” operating concepts • More details : ANC11/WP127, ICAO website

  32. Safety Issues inAustralia’s Upper Airspace

  33. Safety Incident Analysis : ADS-B Impact

  34. ADS-B AvionicsExpected Aircraft Fitment in Australia Airspace

  35. Future ADS-B Avionics Fitment • SSR Mode S Enhanced Surveillance • Mandatory in parts of Europe from March 2005 • Requires upgrades to SSR transponders • Manufacturers have decided to include ADS-B extended squitter in the same transponder upgrade • Australian & Asian airlines will be upgrading their aircraft that fly to Europe • Result will be many ADS-B equipped aircraft over Australia • New aircraft now being delivered with ADS-B • QANTAS A330, Air New Zealand A320 etc. • UPS Freight aircraft also being upgraded • Entire fleet of 103 B757 and B767 by end of 2003 • These aircraft already being tracked on ADS-B in Australia

  36. Benefits from ADS-B in Upper Airspace • Provides ATC surveillance where there is none today • Using existing VHF sites & communication networks keeps costs low • Provides significant safety benefits immediately • Enables increased airline operating flexibility • Airlines get added value from transponder investments for European Enhanced Surveillance • Don’t need to wait for GA fitment • Don’t need to wait for more advanced aspects (CDTI) • Strategic push towards widescale deployment in Asia Pacific • Asia Pacific expected to lead the way for ground surveillance • USA/Europe already have adequate radar based ground surveillance, and do not need this ADS-B application

  37. ICAO’sAsia Pacific Regional PlanforADS-B Implementation

  38. ICAO Asia Pacific Regional Planning for ADS-B • APANPIRG ADS-B Task force • Australia, China, Hong Kong, Fiji, India, Japan, New Zealand, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand, USA + IATA, SITA, IFALPA • APANPIRG Resolutions • Mode S extended squitter to be used for ATC ground surveillance application in AsiaPac • Jan 2006 set as the target date for introduction of ground based surveillance services based on ADS-B • More details : ANC11/WP128 from ICAO website

  39. Research and DevelopmentProjects

  40. Addition of ADS-B extended squitter capability (DF18) to an existing Microair T2000 Mode A/C transponder Low cost, size and weight ADS-B R & D : Low Cost Transponder Current T2000 product: 61mm x 61mm x 160mm 600 grams 400mA @ 12V

  41. Cost Effective Compliant Flexible ADS-B R & D : CDTI for General Aviation as proposed by Control Vision Corp. makers of the AnywhereMap™ and AnywhereWx™ Moving Map GPS systems

  42. A Progression Towards ASAS? • ADS-B in Upper Airspace • First - ground surveillance in non radar areas • Need identity, position and velocity • Later – User Preferred Routes / Trajectories • Intent could be valuable for ATC • CDTI may facilitate ASAS crossing, passing etc? • ADS-B in Lower Airspace • Ground surveillance in non radar areas • CDTI for situational awareness in Class E & G • IFR + VFR in same airspace – regional airports • ADS-B on Airports • ADS-B + multilateration? • CDTI with moving map?

  43. Australian ADS-B Website http://www.airservicesaustralia.com Click on “ADS-B” for further information and progress reports

  44. EXTRA SLIDES

  45. Australian ADS-B Trial

  46. Future Australian ATC Environments with ADS-B 2S • ATC Environments • (1) Radar control • radar + VHF • ADS-B in lieu of enroute SSR? • (2) Non radar continental • ADS-B + VHF comms • FANS1 ADS + VHF • FANS1 CPDLC • Pilot reports • (3) Oceanic • FANS1 ADS + CPDLC • Pilot reports + HF • TAAATS integrates Radar, ADS-B, ADS-C and Flight Plan Tracks to provide a common ATC system for all environments (3) (3) (2) 75E 163E (1)

  47. FL350

  48. FL250

  49. FL050

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