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Ionic compounds

Ionic compounds. Ionic compounds, the basics. Metals form positive ions. Non metals form negative ions. So, metals and non metals join to form ionic compounds The metals transfer electrons to the non metals. The valence electrons d e termine the r eactivity , hence the compound.

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Ionic compounds

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  1. Ionic compounds

  2. Ionic compounds, the basics • Metals form positive ions. • Non metals form negative ions. • So, metals and non metals join to form ionic compounds • The metals transfer electrons to the non metals. • The valence electrons determine the reactivity, hence the compound.

  3. Group IA (metals) form + 1 ions. • Group IIA (metals) form +2 ions. • Group IIIA (metals) form + 3 ions. • Group VIIA (nonmetals) form -1 ions. • Group VIA (nonmetals) form -2 ions. • Group VA (nonmetals) form -3 ions.

  4. Example:K (metal) Group 1, so 1 e- valence electron Ion = K+1Cl (nonmetal)Group 17 (7A), so 7 e- valence electron Ion = Cl-1

  5. Writing formulas and nomenclature (naming): • Formula: Write the positive ion first. • Name: Write the negative ion last and add the suffix premier et lui ajouter le suffix “ide” Formule: KCl Nom:potassium chloride

  6. Example- Show the formation of Na2O. Nom: Sodium oxide

  7. Show the formation of CaCl2. Nom: Calcium chloride

  8. Show the formation of the following compounds using the Lewis structure. Give the name of the compound. • a)  K3P • b)  NaF • c)  Al2O3 • d)  KF • e)  Li2O • f)  Ca3P2

  9. Formulae for ionic compoundsCrossover methodExamples:Determine the formula:

  10. Beryllium phosphide

  11. Write the formula of the compound and its name for each of the following. • a)  Ca2+ et Cl- • b)  Al3+ et N3- • c)  Be2+  et O2- • d)  Be2+ et N3- • e)  K+ et S2-

  12. What happens to the elements in the “middle” ? • Metals, they form positive ions (cations) • They can form different ions eg, Fe2+, Fe3+

  13. Examples….

  14. Ionic compounds with the transition metals: FeCl3 Fe3+ Cl1- Cl Fe Cl FeCl3 Cl iron (III) chloride Cu2S Cu S Cu Cu1+ S2- copper(I) sulfide

  15. Write the formula for the following. • copper(I) oxide • lead(IV) bromide • iron (III) sulfide • nickel(III) fluoride • manganese(IV) sulfide Write the names of the following compounds. • FeCl3 • FeO • Cu2O • PbO2

  16. Polyatomic ions…ions made of more than one element. Ions Polyatomiques communs

  17. Ionic compounds with the polyatomic ions… NH41+ et S2- NH4 S NH4 NH41+ S2- (NH4)2S Ammonium sulfide

  18. Write the formula and the name of the ionic compounds formed by the following ions suivants. a) Ca & NO3 b) Na & OH c) Na & SO4 d) Ca & PO4 e) Li & HCO3

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