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Types of Chemical Bonds

Types of Chemical Bonds. Ionic Bonds. Bonds in which valence electrons are transferred Receiving atom becomes a negative ion (cation) Donating atom becomes a positive ion (cation). Octet Rule & Oxidation Numbers.

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Types of Chemical Bonds

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  1. Types of Chemical Bonds

  2. Ionic Bonds • Bonds in which valence electrons are transferred • Receiving atom becomes a negative ion (cation) • Donating atom becomes a positive ion (cation)

  3. Octet Rule & Oxidation Numbers • Octet rule states that atoms are most stable with 8 valence electrons in the outermost orbital (tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas) • Oxidation number indicated by the group number (i.e. Na=+1, Ca=+2, Cl=-1, O=-2)

  4. Covalent Bonds • Bonds in which valence electrons are shared • Single share 1 pair, double share 2 pairs, triple share 3 pairs of electrons • Triple is the strongest, and all are stronger than ionic bonds

  5. Hydrogen Bonds • Weakest bonds • Attraction between positively charged "end" of a atom and a hydrogen atom (-) • Caused by unequal sharing of valence electrons

  6. Practice • Draw Lewis dot structures for the following: nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, chlorine gas, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium oxide

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