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Alaska and World War II. Aleutian Islands. American internment of Unangan people 1942; 900 Unangan people are relocated to Southeast Alaska for 3 years. Link & Reference http://www.nps.gov/aleu/historyculture/unangan-internment.htm. Japanese Offensive. Dutch Harbor bombed June 3-4, 1942
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Aleutian Islands • American internment of Unangan people • 1942; 900 Unangan people are relocated to Southeast Alaska for 3 years. • Link & Reference • http://www.nps.gov/aleu/historyculture/unangan-internment.htm
Japanese Offensive • Dutch Harbor bombed June 3-4, 1942 • Invasion of Attu & Kiska on June 6-7, 1942. • Captured by Japan: • Naval weather crew on Kiska • Entire village on Attu • Possible diversion from Midway Island campaign • Shattered Sword; Jonathan Parshall & Anthony Tully argue it was not merely a diversion
Attu • Japanese cut off from their naval forces • May 11, 1943 (nearly a year after Japanese invastion) American recapture begins • Uncontested landings; use of difficult terrain • Banzai charge on Massacre Bay • Dead • 549 Americans • 2,351 Japanese • Only 28 Japanese captured
Kiska • Nearly 35,000 U.S. troops marshalled to invade. (compared to 12,500 of Attu) • Dense fog allows Japanese escape Photos • http://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcoll/findaids/docs/photosgraphics/AleutianIslandsinWWIIPHColl604.xml
Alaska-Canada (Alcan) Highway • Built from 1942-1943 • Connected Alaska with the “lower 48.” • Construction: • Army troops • African American troops • “permafrost” & “muskeg” • Muncho Lake • Completed ‘43; opened to public in ‘48
Anchorage Area • Elmendorf Air Force Base • June 8, 1940 • Fort Richardson • 1940 @ Elmendorf • 1947 relocated 5 miles away