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Other types of circulation

Other types of circulation. A little bit of review:. Recall the following terms: Pulmonary Cardiac Systemic Artery, arteriole, capillary, venule , vein,

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Other types of circulation

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  1. Other types of circulation

  2. A little bit of review: • Recall the following terms: • Pulmonary • Cardiac • Systemic • Artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein, • Aorta, atria, ventricle, semi-lunar, atrioventricular, pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, heart. • What is/are the main purpose(s) of the circulatory system?

  3. Not all circulatory systems are built that way! • Today, we will look at: • Circulation in Annelids • Circulation in Fish • Circulation in Amphibians • Circulation in Birds and Mammals

  4. Circulation in Annelids • Simplest CLOSED circulatory system. • System • Two main blood vessels (dorsal and ventral) • Five pairs of pumps: AORTIC ARCHES (at front of worm) • From aortic arches, blood is pumped into ventral vessel (under intestinal tract) • Blood flows by organs and body walls (remember the form of gas exchange for this animal?) and back to aortic arches.

  5. Answer the following questions: • Where does ‘pumping’ of blood occur? __________ • Where does gas exchange occur? ____________ • Where does the ‘pick-up’ of nutrients occur? __________________ • What is the function of ‘blood’ in this organism? ___________________________________________

  6. Circulation in Fish • Recall that fish have gills  this is where ____________________________ occurs. • From the gills, blood travels to a dorsal artery that branches through the body to deliver _____________ blood. SINGLE CIRCULATION: blood travels through the heart only once during each complete circuit around the body.

  7. Fish have 2-chambered hearts Notice how blood becomes oxygenated at the gill capillaries. Oxygen/nutrients are dropped off by the systemic system. The fish has a 2 – chambered heart: one atrium, and one ventricle.

  8. Gill capillaries are the sites of gas exchange with the environment Fish have 2-chambered hearts Fig. 42.21

  9. Counter-current exchange helps maximize the efficiency of gas exchange Fish have 2-chambered hearts Fig. 42.21

  10. Counter-current exchange helps maximize the efficiency of gas exchange Fish have 2-chambered hearts Fig. 42.21

  11. Circulation in Amphibians • Amphibians: frogs, toads, and salamanders. • Heart with a 3rd chamber. _________________________________________________ • Recall that mammalian hearts have four chambers: 2 _________________ and 2 _____________. • The left side of the mammalian heart takes in and pumps ___________________ blood, while the right side of the heart takes in and pumps _________________ blood. • What would happen if the ventricles were not separated? • ___________________________________________

  12. Amphibians have 3-chambered hearts Three chambers allows for double circulation, i.e., two circuits, such that blood passes through a single set of capillaries in each round-trip from and back to the heart Fig. 42.4

  13. Amphibians have 3-chambered hearts Amphibians have two atria and one ventricle. In the ventricle, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mixes. Fig. 42.4

  14. Amphibians have 3-chambered hearts Most adult amphibians exchange gases through lungs and their skin Fig. 42.4

  15. Circulation in Birds (and Mammals) • Are the following warm or cold-blooded? • Worms _________________________ • Amphibians _____________________ • Fish ___________________________ • What makes them different from warm-blooded animals? ________________________________________

  16. Warm-blooded organisms require more energy. This is because we REGULATE our body temperatures from within  ENDOTHERMIC. In short, this means that we increase metabolic processes (requiring energy) in order to warm us up. What produces energy in our bodies? __________________________________ What would this mean for the circulatory system? More rapid blood flow in order to: 1)__________________________________ 2) __________________________________

  17. Recall... • Mammals have • 4-chambered hearts • Specialized blood vessels • Specialized respiratory sytems (LOOK OVER YOUR NOTES! WE ARE MOVING ON!)

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