Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) (22 nd ed.)

1. Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) (22nd ed.) LIS 532. Week 4, Jan. 28/09

2. Classification • The act of organizing the universe of knowledge into some systematic order • Establishing relationships among classes and subclasses and finer subdivisions • Library classification: systematic arrangement by subjects of books and other materials on shelves or of catalogues in a manner which is most useful to those who read or seek a definite piece of information

3. DDC Classification • Controlled vocabulary • Hierarchy • Notation (pure notation vs mixed notation) • Suitable for browsing • On shelves • OPACs catalogues • Internet (Edmonton Public Library) • Synthetic/enumerative

4. DDC main classes 000 Generalities 100 Philosophy & Psychology 200 Religion 300 Social Science 400 Language 500 Natural Science & Mathematics 600 Technology (applied sciences) 700 The Arts 800 Literature & rhetoric 900 Geography & History

5. DDC hierarchy example • 300Social sciences • 390 Customs, etiquette, folklore • 391Costume and personal appearance • 391.5Hair styles • 391.7Jewelry

6. Social Sciences Sociology Statistics Political science Economics Land economics Labour economics Financial economics Labour force And market Workers of Specific age groups Women workers Conditions of employment Hierarchical structure from general to specific

7. Orientation to DDC 22 • 5 parts • The classification itself is made up of 2 parts: • Main schedules, v.2-3 • Tables, v.1 • 3 aids to use: • Introduction and Manual v.1 – includes glossary • Index., v.4

8. DDC synthesis • DDC is partially enumerative and partially synthetic • Two ways to synthesize – DDC intro 8.1+, v.1, pp. lii++ • Tables • Divide one section like another

9. DDC synthesis • Tables • 6 main tables + internal tables • Can always use Table 1 once • Can use other tables only with permission in main schedule or in Table 1 • Subdivision like another section: • Only as stipulated in the schedules

10. Notes in DDC Notes are important because they provide information that is not obvious in the notational hierarchy • Definition notes: indicating the meaning of a class • Scope notes: determining the scope of the subject matter • Class here notes lists major topics in a class • Variant-name notes: used for synonyms and near synonyms

11. DDC tables • Table1: Standard subdivisions • Table 2: Geographic areas , historical periods, persons • Table 3-A: Subdivisions for works by or about individual authors • Table 3-B: Subdivisions for works by or about more than one author • Table3-C: Notation to be added where instructed in Table 3-B, 700.4, 808 -809 • Table 4: Subdivisions for individual languages • Table 5: Racial, ethnic, national groups • Table 6: Languages

12. How to use tables • Notations from Table 1 may be used wherever applicable • Notations from tables 2, 5, and 6 are used only when instructed • Table 3 and 4 apply only to certain schedules (i.e., table 3 to the 800s and table 4 to 420-490)

13. Choosing a number • Basic principle: Classification by discipline • Fundamentals of physical chemistry for premedical students • Chemical calculations: An introduction to mathematics in chemistry • Consider utility of the number in the context of the aboutness of the information package • Use the most specific number available • Do not classify from the index alone • Try to identify the dominant subject if the work is multi-topical

14. Example Work in hand is chiefly about: Foreign relations between Japan and Britain 1. Locate base number for international relations: 327. 2. Consider more specific numbers in the hierarchy: Foreign relations of specific continents and localities … foreign relations of specific countries: 327.3 - 327.9 3. Read classification notes: • Class here foreign policy • Add to base number 327 notation T2--3-T2--9 from Table 2 , e.g., foreign relations of Brazil 327.81 , of eastern European countries 327.47 , in Middle East 327.56 ; then, for relations between that nation or region and another nation or region, add 0* and to the result add notation T2--1-T2--9 from Table 2, e.g., relations between Brazil and France 327.81044 , between Brazil and Arab world 327.810174927 4. Construct number: 327 + decimal + areanotation for Japan = 52 + 0 + area notation for Britain 41 = 327.52041

15. Example Work in hand is chiefly about: Descriptive research in Library Science 1. Locate base number for library science: 020. 2. Consider more specific numbers in the hierarchy: 020 Library and information sciences 020.7    Education, research, related topics 020.72   Library research 3. Recognize that the standard subdivision 72 is derived from Table 1. Check for a more specific notation: T1--0      Table 1. Standard Subdivisions T1--07    Education, research, related topics T1--072   Research; statistical methods T1—0722 - T1—0724 Specific kinds of research T1—0722 Historical research T1--0723 Descriptive research 4. Construct number: 020 + decimal + 72 + 23 = 020.723

16. Example Work in hand is chiefly about: Geology of Finland 1. Locate base number: 500   Science 550   Earth sciences & geology 550   Earth sciences 551   Geology, hydrology, meteorology 552   Petrology 553    Economic geology 554-559  Earth sciences by specific continents, countries, localities in modern world; extraterrestrial worlds 554          Earth sciences of Europe

17. Example 2. Review classification notes: Number built according to instructions under 554-559 Add to base number 55 notation T2--4-T2--9 from Table 2 , e.g., geology of Japan 555.2 , of moon 559.91 3. Locate area notation, from Table 2, for Finland: T2--0      Table 2. Geographic Areas, Historical Periods, Persons T2--3-T2--9    Specific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds T2--4-T2--9    Modern world; extraterrestrial worlds T2--4              Europe    Western Europe T2--48            Scandinavia T2--489          Denmark and Finland T2--4891-T2--4895 Denmark T2--4897                  Finland 4. Construct number: 55 + 4 + decimal + 897 = 554.897

18. Example Work in hand is chiefly about: Commercial policy of the United States 1. Locate number for commercial policy 300 Social sciences 380  Commerce, communications & transportation • 381 *Commerce (Trade) [formerly 380.1]  • 381.3 Commercial policy • 2. Recognize that there is no explicit provision for geographic subdivision, but that you can use standard subdivisions in Tables 1 and 2 to add subdivision for the United states: • a. Instructions in Table 1: • Add to base number T1--09 notation T2--3-T2--9 from Table 2 , e.g., the subject in North America T1--097 , in Brazil T1--0981

19. Example b. Instructions in Table 2: T2--0 Table 2. Geographic Areas, Historical Periods, Persons T2--3-T2--9 Specific continents, countries, localities; extraterrestrial worlds T2--4-T2--9   Modern world; extraterrestrial worlds T2--7            North America T2--73           United States 3. Construct the number: 381 + decimal + 3 + 09 (T1) + 73 (Table 2) = 381.30973.

20. Example: Pop music in Canada 781.63 Popular music 09 Historical, geographic, persons treatment 71 Canada (Table 2) Number: 781.63 09 71 Geographic subdivision Country number Base number

21. 082 – Dewey Decimal Call Number (R) Indicators First – Type of edition 0 – Full edition 1 – Abridged edition Second – Source of call number # - No information provided 0 – Assigned by LC 4 – Assigned by agency other than LC Subfield Codes $a – Classification number (R) $2 – Edition number (NR)

22. Coding DDC class number in MARC 082 04 $a 779.95 $2 22 082 04 $a 020.723 $2 22 082 04 $a 554.897 $2 22

23. Course Resources • WebDewey (http://connexion.oclc.org/ ) • LC subject Heading • Dewey Classification Correlations (Classification Web) • OCLC worldCat • LC Catalogue