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Cold War

Cold War. WWII. During WWII – US and USSR joined forces to fight against the Germans When the allied forces met each other at the Elbe river – they embraced each other warmly Yes, Soviet and American forces shaking hands and smiling….

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Cold War

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  1. Cold War

  2. WWII • During WWII – US and USSR joined forces to fight against the Germans • When the allied forces met each other at the Elbe river – they embraced each other warmly • Yes, Soviet and American forces shaking hands and smiling…. • So what happened to make these countries end up HATING each other? • What is the Cold War…write down all the terms associated with this

  3. During WWII Yalta Meeting Who are the three men? What were they discussing?

  4. WWII and Post WWII

  5. Creation of the United Nations • What is the United Nations? • What was in place before the UN? • Did it work, why or why not? • UNITED NATIONS HANDOUT

  6. Superpower • Define the term superpower. • Why were the US and USSR considered superpowers after WWII? • Are they superpowers today? Why or why not.

  7. For each bullet, write down one or two major points for both Communism Capitalism/Democracy • Basic principles • Political • Social • Cultural • Economic • Basic Principles • Political • Social • Cultural • Economic

  8. Differing ideologies of the USSR and the USA • Communism • Basic Principles -Marxist-Leninist ideas, dictatorship of the proletariat • Political - Internationalistic, one party rule, supreme leader • Social - Supported by workers and peasants • Cultural - Censorship, indoctrination, secret police • Economic - Collective ownership, centralized state planning • Capitalism/Democracy • Basic Principles – Democratic, individual rights • Political – National elections of leaders, multi party rule • Social – Supported by citizens • Cultural – individualistic, freedom of expression and from tyranny • Economic – Individual wealth, capitalistic economy with some restrictions, opportunity to become wealthy

  9. What are the most important differences between the two nations? • Why do these ideologies matter? • Did the two nations have a chance to get along? • Did it really matter about ideology or was the intent of the post war world to dominate? • Define the Cold War. • Define first, second and third world.

  10. Goals of each country USSR USA • Encourage communism • Rebuild war ravaged economy using satellite nations • Control eastern Europe to balance US influence • Keep GR divided to prevent war • Encourage democracy • Gain access to raw materials for industry • Rebuild Europe to create new markets • Reunite GR to stabilize it and increase security

  11. Dividing the Globe • First World – nations aligned with the US • Second World – nations aligned with the USSR • Third World – non aligned

  12. What were the satellite nations? • Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland, Yugoslavia

  13. Satellite Nations

  14. Iron Curtain • ..\activities\Iron Curtain speech\Iron Curtain speech.docx

  15. Satellite Nations and the Iron Curtain • Iron Curtain – what was it? Label on the map above. • Satellite nations were a wall of nations that was to shield USSR from invasion • Why would Stalin break his promise about free elections for the satellite nations? • -to keep control of the area

  16. Division of Germany • Draw a map of how GR was divided up among the winners of the war below

  17. Division of Germany • How will this division create tensions? • When does Germany become reunited? • Who do you think would most likely oppose reunification and why?

  18. Truman Doctrine Activity • ..\activities\truman doctrine drawings\Truman Doctrine.docx

  19. Major Events of the Cold War

  20. 1946 • Containment Policy: • Proposal for dealing with the Soviet Union • The communist government will break down if we contain it

  21. 1947 • Truman Doctrine: • States that the US will not let Greece and Turkey become communist and therefore will come to the aid of nations that need help to keep them from turning to communism

  22. 1948 • Marshall Plan • Lend $12 Billion in aid to 16 European nations • US afraid that many nations are so broke that the miserable masses might want to turn to communism

  23. 1948 • Berlin Blockade: • Berlin divided among powers • City in Soviet territory • Soviets irritated at the containment policies

  24. A CITY DIVIDED • Blockaded Berlin in an attempt to force western nations out • Western nations, led by US sent a huge airlift to send food and supplies over the blockade and into the city • The powers decided to split Germany into east and west which increases tensions

  25. 1949 • NATO Permanent military alliances with free democratic European nations to protect members against communist invasions

  26. 1949 • China goes communist • Erupts into civil war with Mao Zedong leading communists against nationalists

  27. 1949 • Soviets explode their 1st atomic bomb launching arms race

  28. Korea and Vietnam activity • ..\activities\korea and vietnam\Korea and Vietnam Review.docx

  29. 1950 • Korean war begins • Soviets in charge in North, US in South • North invaded the south

  30. 1950 • Causes Truman to agree about conspiracy that Soviets trying to take over and spread • Idea that can’t just contain them any more but roll them back

  31. 1950 • Ordered troops to help South Korea • Any part of the world is a potential battlefield

  32. Korean War

  33. 1962 • Cuban Missile Crisis • Soviets building nuclear missile bases in Cuba • JFK after discovery demanded Soviets remove missiles • blockaded Cuba

  34. Cuban Missile Crisis • Fearful time –brink of nuclear war? • Troops in Florida ready to attack

  35. Cuban Missile Crisis • A Narrow escape • Soviets remove missiles, US promises not to invade Cuba

  36. 1956-1973 • “A defeat for freedom anywhere is a defeat for freedom everywhere”

  37. Vietnam • Vietnam = French colony never under one solidified government before • 1954 groups of Vietnamese succeeded in overthrowing the French

  38. Vietnam • Us supports France through funds because Ho Chi Minh claims to be a communist • US makes sure this is no election because Minh would have won, so we divided Vietnam in Two and supported the South

  39. Vietnam • Have poured a lot of money into effort and send advisors to help police and military in S. Vietnam become more effective • By 1963 lost confidence in leader we were supporting in S. Viet and we support a military coup

  40. Vietnam • By 1965 – 15,000 advisors involved • Can’t withdraw now and have to increase effort to win • -begin with bombing, therefore needed air force, bases, marines, military etc

  41. Domino Theory • “You have a row of dominoes set up, and you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly” Pres Eisenhower explaining why the US needed to stop the Communists in Vietnam

  42. Reasons for Vietnam • 1965 – internal documents listed the following • 10% for freedom • 20% to avoid Vietnam going to the communists • 70% to avoid humiliating US defeat

  43. Vietnam War

  44. Space Race • Race to the moon • Sputnik – soviet satellite launched into space before the US can – causes humiliation and wanting to invest in more technology

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