1 / 13

Nationalism Germany and Italy

Nationalism Germany and Italy. I can explain the unification of Germany and Italy. GERMANY. Early 1800s – no unified “Germany” German-speaking people lived in Prussia and other states (Bavaria, Saxony, etc…) Napoleon’s raids had spurred German nationalism and contempt for French

eytan
Download Presentation

Nationalism Germany and Italy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Nationalism Germany and Italy I can explain the unification of Germany and Italy

  2. GERMANY • Early 1800s – no unified “Germany” • German-speaking people lived in Prussia and other states (Bavaria, Saxony, etc…) • Napoleon’s raids had spurred German nationalism and contempt for French • Otto von Bismarck – “The Iron Chancellor” – highest official of the Prussian monarch. • Master of Realpolitik • Realistic policies based on the needs of the state; power is more important than principles

  3. Otto von Bismarck

  4. Bismarck • Began process of German unification • Built up Prussian army • Annexed smaller, weaker German states • “Started” the Franco-Prussian War. • Why would he start a war? • He knew other German states would unify against France (Germans hated France since Napoleon)

  5. Franco-Prussian War1870 • Started over a disagreement about an heir to the Spanish throne. • He “edited” a telegram sent to him by the Prussian king, William. • Made it look like King Will insulted France. Made Napoleon III furious. He declares war. • Prussia beats France in 6 weeks • How? Modern technology (telegraphs, railroads, breech-loading weapons)

  6. Franco-Prussian War • Humiliating for the French • Very quick defeat • Forced to pay Prussia to leave • Lose2 border provinces: Alsace and Lorraine • The huge Prussian victory led to the crowning of Will I as “Kaiser” William I (emperor) • 1871 – “Germany” becomes a unified nation

  7. ITALY • Had not been a unified nation since the days of the Roman Empire • People there spoke common language (Italian) but lived in several city-states ruled by Austria and other foreign powers. • Reasons some wanted unification: • Made economic sense (remove tariffs) • Common language, history, culture

  8. Nationalist Leaders Giuseppe Mazzini Victor Emmanuel II Giuseppe Garibaldi Count Camillo Cavour

  9. Italy • Mazzini-founded Young Italy in the 1830s • A secret society • Organized a revolution, but it failed. He was exiled. Important: planted seeds of nationalism • Cavour-became Prime Minister of Sardinia • King-Victor Emmanuel II • Cavour was a crafty politician like Bismarck • Secret alliance with France; provoked war with Austria. Won and annexed some Italian states.

  10. Garibaldi and the Red Shirts • Garibaldi –longtime nationalist – recruited 1,000 red-shirted volunteers. • Invaded Sicily and conquered north to Naples • Very patriotic, turned over his control to Victor Emmanuel. • By 1870, all of Italy was unified.

  11. CRITICAL CONNECTIONS • What connections can you make between Bismarck and Cavour and an important Renaissance guidebook? • In what ways can the nationalist movements of the 1800s be traced back to Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna? • How does France’s humiliation in the Franco-Prussian war contribute to future conflict?

More Related