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Franklin D. Roosevelt

32 ND President of the United States Democratic. Brandon Bridge Period 3 1-28-11. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Serving in office from March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945. FDR. Early Life. Born on June 30 th , 1882 in Hyde Park, New York Met Eleanor in 19o2, who he later married in 1905

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

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  1. 32ND President of the United States Democratic Brandon Bridge Period 3 1-28-11 Franklin D. Roosevelt Serving in office from March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945 FDR

  2. Early Life • Born on June 30th, 1882 in Hyde Park, New York • Met Eleanor in 19o2, who he later married in 1905 • Mother strongly disapproved of marriage • Had six children together

  3. Education and Experience • Received schooling from Groton School is Massachusetts • Went to Harvard and Columbia Law School • Became state senate in 1910 while living around Hyde Park • Appointed second Assistant Secretary of the Navy in 1913 • Gained much fame while serving as New York’s governor for from 1929-1932

  4. Road To The White House • Had reputation built up from being New York governor • His first inaugural speech is still famous today • Proposed the New Deal Coalition "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself."

  5. Election on 1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) Electoral: 472 Popular: 22,821,857 Herbert C. Hoover (R) Electoral: 59 Popular: 15,761,841

  6. John N. Garner 1933-41 (VP) • Member of the Texas House of Representatives from 1898 to 1902 • Supported federal income tax but opposed most tariffs • Only man to serve both as Speaker of the House and President of the Senate on the same day • Disapproved with parts of the New Deal

  7. Cordell Hull 1933-44 (SoS) • Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for establishing the United Nations • Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Postwar Foreign Policy • Chairman of the Clay County Democratic Party at age 19 • Served in Cuba as a captain in the Fourth Regiment of the Tennessee Volunteer Infantry

  8. Henry Morgenthau, Jr. (1934-45) • Appointed governor of the Federal Farm Board n 1933 • Created war bonds • Introduced the Social Security program • Proposed the Morgenthau Plan Secretary of the Treasury

  9. First Term 1933-1937 • Inaugurated March 4, 1933 • Faced with the greatest depression in US history • Introduced new program (Relief, recovery, and reform) • Blamed bankers and financiers for crisis • Spread awareness to the public through the radio and television

  10. First New Deal • Focused on immediate relief for first 100 days • Created reforms and generated funds to aid the unemployed • Sent Congress a record number of bills that were easily passed • Signed many new acts and started many new reform agencies

  11. Important Agencies and Acts • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) • Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) • Federal Trade Commission • Reconstruction Finance Corporation • Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) • National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) • Glass-Steagall Act

  12. SecondNewDeal • Social Security Act- Created social security and promised economic security for the elderly. • Works Progress Administration (WPA)- National relief agency that employed 2 million Americans • National Labor Relations Act- Established the federal rights of workers to organize unions and engage in collective bargaining.

  13. Re-election of 1936 (Landslide) Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) Electoral: 523 Popular: 27,751,597 Alfred M. Landon (R) Electoral: 8 Popular: 16,679,583

  14. Second Term 1937-1941 • The Supreme Court overruled many of FDR’s programs • Eight judges were changed during this term • Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)- Created minimum wage • Had massive support from the rapidly growing labor unions • Democratic Party was splitting but FDR was still viewed as being a hero

  15. Foreign Policy • Hitler’s rise of power brought fear to the US • WWII broke out in 1939 • Formed immediate alliance with Winston Churchill to support Britain • Germany started to invade several European countries starting in April of 1940 • FDR turned to Harry Hopkins for foreign policy advice • Aided Britain, China, and Russia with military supplies

  16. Re-election of 1940 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) Electoral: 449 Popular: 27,244,160 Alfred M. Landon (R) Electoral: 82 Popular: 22,305,198

  17. Third Term 1941-1945 • Decreasing unemployment fell below 1 million • Committed the US to the Allied side “All aid short of war” • Developed the Atlantic Charter • Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in June 1941 • US Navy would escort Allied convoys as far east as Great Britain

  18. Pearl Harbor • Japan in invaded French Indo-China in late 1940 • Roosevelt cut off the sales of oil to Japan in 1941 • The Japanese attack the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 • Germany and Italy officially declare war on US • Roosevelt met with Churchill in late December to create the objective to crush Nazi Germany, save China, and defeat Japan. “Yesterday, December 7, 1941 — a date which will live in infamy — the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.”

  19. Journey Through Europe -The Allies invade Morocco, Algeria, Sicily, and Italy throughout 1943 - Roosevelt and Churchill meet with Chinese leader in November 1943 • Their scheme was proposed to Stalin at the Tehran Conference • The allied armies advanced to Germany at the beginning of 1945

  20. Election of 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) Electoral: 432 Popular: 25,602,504 Thomas E. Dewey (R) Electoral: 99 Popular: 22,006,285

  21. Fourth Term/Death • Left the Yalta Conference on February 12, 1945 • FDR held a historic meeting with King Abdulaziztwo days later • Addressed the Congress on March 1 about the Yalta Conference • He accused Stalin for breaking his Yalta commitments over Poland, Germany, and prisoners of war later that month

  22. 12 Years Later… Rose Garden of the Springwood estate in Hyde Park Passes away on April 12, 1945 due to a stroke

  23. Bibliography Famous People. "F D Roosevelt Biography." Famous People - Famous People in History, Famous People List & Biography. 07 Sept. 2003. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. <http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/f-d-roosevelt-70.php>. MacLeish, Archibald. "Franklin D. Roosevelt : Biography." Spartacus Educational - Home Page. 17 Dec. 2005. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USArooseveltF.htm>. Kelly, Martin. "Franklin D. Roosevelt Biography - FDR - 32nd President of the United States." American History From About. 25 Mar. 1999. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. <http://americanhistory.about.com/od/franklinroosevelt/p/pfdroosevelt.htm>.

  24. Bibliography Continued… Timmons, Bascom N. "John Nance GARNER — Infoplease.com." Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas, Biographies, Dictionary, Thesaurus. Free Online Reference, Research & Homework Help. — Infoplease.com. 11 Oct. 2007. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. <http://www.infoplease.com/biography/us/congress/garner-john-nance.html>. Buell, Raymond. "Cordell Hull - Biography." Nobelprize.org. 21 Feb. 2005. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. <http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1945/hull-bio.html>. Beschloss, Michael. "Henry Morgenthau, Jr. (1891- 1967)." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your America. 27 Sept. 2002. Web. 02 Feb. 2011. <http://www.nps.gov/archive/elro/glossary/morgenthau-henry-jr.htm>.

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